Recent advances in biomimetic sensing technologies
Recent advances in biomimetic sensing technologies
复制标题
DOI：
10.1098/rsta.2009.0005
复制
发表时间：
2009-04
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
E. Johnson;R. Bonser;G. Jeronimidis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. Johnson;R. Bonser;G. Jeronimidis
生物材料的重要性早已被从分子水平到更高层次的组织所认识。然而，在传统工程中，硬度和刚度被认为是材料的理想特性，生物学则大量使用更柔软、更柔韧的资源。这些材料的发展、结构和力学都有很好的文献记载，在此不再赘述。然而，本文的目的是证明这些材料的重要性，特别是它们形成的功能结构。仅使用几个简单的积木，大自然就能够开发出大量不同的材料，每种材料都具有非常不同的机械性能，并形成了看似不可能的大量各种结构。毫无疑问，这是因为大多数生物“材料”或“结构”都是基于纤维的，而这些纤维为功能等级提供了机会。我们展示了这些结构如何激发了科学和工程界新一代的创新技术。特别注意使用昆虫作为生物仿生学启发创新的模型。
The importance of biological materials has long been recognized from the molecular level to higher levels of organization. Whereas, in traditional engineering, hardness and stiffness are considered desirable properties in a material, biology makes considerable and advantageous use of softer, more pliable resources. The development, structure and mechanics of these materials are well documented and will not be covered here. The purpose of this paper is, however, to demonstrate the importance of such materials and, in particular, the functional structures they form. Using only a few simple building blocks, nature is able to develop a plethora of diverse materials, each with a very different set of mechanical properties and from which a seemingly impossibly large number of assorted structures are formed. There is little doubt that this is made possible by the fact that the majority of biological ‘materials’ or ‘structures’ are based on fibres and that these fibres provide opportunities for functional hierarchies. We show how these structures have inspired a new generation of innovative technologies in the science and engineering community. Particular attention is given to the use of insects as models for biomimetically inspired innovations.