Transdermal nicotine alters some of marihuana's effects in male and female volunteers
Transdermal nicotine alters some of marihuana's effects in male and female volunteers
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DOI：
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2005.01.008
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发表时间：
2005-08-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Lukas, SE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Penetar, DM;Kouri, EM;Lukas, SE
尽管烟草和大麻经常一起使用，但人们对这种组合的影响知之甚少。为了研究烟草烟雾中的主要精神活性成分尼古丁对大麻诱导的中毒的影响，我们使用尼古丁透皮贴剂进行了双盲交叉实验。10名男性和10名女性参与者在吸烟两种大麻香烟之一（1.99或3.51% δ-9-四氢大麻酚（Delta（9）THC）含量）前4小时接受安慰剂或21 tug透皮尼古丁贴片。在吸烟前和吸烟后3 h定期测量生理活动（心率、血压和皮肤温度）和主观效应（药物对视觉模拟量表（VAS）和成瘾研究中心量表（ARCI）的影响的自我报告）。尼古丁预处理增强了对大麻的几种反应，特别是心率、视觉模拟量表上的“刺激”报告和ARCI安非他明量表上的分数。男性参与者报告说，大麻的效果比女性参与者更明显，持续时间更长。与男性参与者相比，女性参与者对大麻的反应减弱，受药物组合的影响较小。这项研究的结果表明，尼古丁可以对熏大麻的主观和生理效果产生重要影响。这些影响对大麻吸烟者的安全性和有效性产生了影响，这些吸烟者使用尼古丁透皮贴剂自我治疗以控制烟草依赖。(c)2005爱思唯尔爱尔兰有限公司保留所有权利。
Despite the fact that tobacco and marihuana are often used together, relatively little is known about the effects of this combination. In order to investigate the effects of the principal psychoactive component in tobacco smoke, nicotine, on marihuana-induced intoxication, we conducted a double blind, cross-over experiment using nicotine transdermal patches. Ten male and 10 female participants received either placebo or a 21 tug transdermal nicotine patch 4 h before smoking one of two marihuana cigarettes (1.99 or 3.51 % delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Delta(9) THC) content). Measurements of physiological activity (heart rate, blood pressure, and skin temperature) and subjective effects (self-reports of drug effects on visual analog scales (VAS) and the Addiction Research Center Inventory (ARCI)) were made periodically before and for 3 h after smoking. Nicotine pre-treatment enhanced several responses to marihuana, in particular, heart rate, reports of "stimulated" on the visual analog scales, and scores on the Amphetamine scale of the ARCI. Male participants reported a more pronounced effect of marihuana that persisted longer than that of the female participants. Compared to the male participants, female participants experienced an attenuated response to marihuana and were less affected by the drug combination. The results of this study show that nicotine can have an important influence on the subjective and physiological effects of smoked marihuana. These effects have implications for the safety and efficacy of marihuana smokers who are self-medicating with the nicotine transdermal patch to manage their tobacco dependence. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.