Hybridization as a stimulus for the evolution of invasiveness in plants?
Hybridization as a stimulus for the evolution of invasiveness in plants?
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DOI：
10.1007/s10681-006-5939-3
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发表时间：
2000-06-20
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Schierenbeck, KA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ellstrand, NC;Schierenbeck, KA
入侵物种是进化生物学家和生态学家非常感兴趣的，因为它们代表了戏剧性的进化和生态变化的历史例子。同样。它们作为有害生物在经济和环境方面的重要性日益增加。有两个谜一般的现象阻碍了对一小部分成功入侵的移民分类群的概括。许多成功的物种只有在(i)最初到达后经过异常长的滞后时间，和/或（ii）经过多次引入后才能成功。我们提出一种可能解释这些观察结果的进化机制。物种之间或不同源种群之间的杂交可能是入侵性进化的刺激因素。我们提出并回顾了大量的案例，在这些案例中，杂交先于成功的入侵种群的出现。具有杂交史的后代可能相对于其祖先享有一个或多个潜在的遗传利益。观察到的滞后时间和多次引进似乎是某些物种进化为入侵性的先决条件，这可能与以前孤立的种群接触和杂交发生所需的时间有关。我们的例子表明，攻击性是可以进化的。我们的模型并不代表入侵的唯一进化途径。但很明显，在解释植物入侵性的进化过程中，这是一个值得更多考虑的未被充分认识的机制。
Invasive species are of great interest to evolutionary biologists and ecologists because they represent historical examples of dramatic evolutionary and ecological change. Likewise. they are increasingly important economically and environmentally as pests. Obtaining generalizations about the tiny fraction of immigrant taxa that become successful invaders has been frustrated by two enigmatic phenomena. Many of those species that become successful only do so (i) after an unusually long lag time after initial arrival, and/or (ii) after multiple introductions. We propose an evolutionary mechanism that may account for these observations. Hybridization between species or between disparate source populations may serve as a stimulus for the evolution of invasiveness. We present and review a remarkable number of cases in which hybridization preceded the emergence of successful invasive populations. Progeny with a history of hybridization may enjoy one or more potential genetic benefits relative to their progenitors. The observed lag times and multiple introductions that seem a prerequisite for certain species to evolve invasiveness may be a correlate of the time necessary for previously isolated populations to come into contact and for hybridization to occur. Our examples demonstrate that invasiveness can evolve. Our model does not represent the only evolutionary pathway to invasiveness. but is clearly an underappreciated mechanism worthy of more consideration in explaining the evolution of invasiveness in plants.