Radiocesium in fish from the Savannah River and Steel Creek: Potential food chain exposure to the public
Radiocesium in fish from the Savannah River and Steel Creek: Potential food chain exposure to the public
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DOI：
10.1111/0272-4332.213131
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发表时间：
2001-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Gochfeld, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Burger, J;Gaines, KF;Gochfeld, M
这项研究检查了放射性铯（Cs-137）的水平，从附近的能源部的萨凡纳河网站（SRS），前核武器生产设施在南卡罗来纳州。从萨凡纳河的鱼类取样以上（上游），沿着，并低于（下游）SRS，并从钢溪，一个支流，通过SRS运行。由于SRS过去核生产的低水平释放，萨凡纳河流域有一些场外Cs-137污染。检验的零假设是，Cs-137水平作为河流沿着位置的函数，以及从河流和SRS上的Steel Creek收集的物种之间没有差异。从萨凡纳河采集的8种鱼中有6种，肌肉中的Cs-137水平没有差异，从上面采集的鱼，沿着，或低于SRS，例外是弓鳍和贝壳。从钢溪收集的鱼有显着更高的水平（约一个数量级）的Cs-137在肌肉组织比鱼收集在萨凡纳河。然而，无论是钢溪还是萨凡纳河的鱼类，其铯-137水平都没有超过欧洲经济共同体鲜肉限值0.6 Bq/g。使用癌症斜率因子3.2 X 10（-11）/pCi和反映萨凡纳河渔民实际数据的各种鱼类消费情景计算终身癌症风险。使用平均Cs-137浓度和黑人男性70年的鱼类消费量中位数（消费量最高的群体），与萨凡纳河中8种鱼类相关的过度终生风险范围为9.0 × 10（-7）至1.0 × 10（-5）。对来自钢溪的鱼进行同样的计算，得出的风险估计为1.4至8.0 X 10（-5）。然而，黑人消费量的95%水平约为70公斤/年。黑人渔民食用钢溪鲈鱼量将承受3.1 X 10（-4）的终生风险，而食用同样数量的萨凡纳河鲈鱼将产生1.5 X 10（-5）的风险估计。
This study examined radiocesium (Cs-137) levels in fish from the vicinity of the Department of Energy's Savannah River Site (SRS), a former nuclear weapons production facility in South Carolina. Fish from the Savannah River were sampled above (upstream), along, and below (downstream) the SRS, and from Steel Creek, a tributary that runs through the SRS. There was some off-site contamination of Cs-137 in the Savannah River watershed due to low-level releases from past nuclear production on the SRS. The null hypotheses tested were that there would be no differences Cs-137 levels as a, function of location along the river, and between species collected from the river and from Steel Creek on the SRS. For six of eight species of fish collected from the Savannah River, there were no differences in Cs-137 levels in muscle from fish collected above, along, or below the SRS; exceptions were bowfin and shellcracker. Fish collected from Steel Creek had significantly higher levels (by about an order of magnitude) of Cs-137 in muscle tissue than fish collected in the Savannah River. However, no fish from either Steel Creek or the Savannah River had Cs-137 levels above the European Economic Community limit for fresh meat of 0.6 Bq/g. Lifetime cancer risk was calculated using the cancer slope factor of 3.2 X 10(-11)/pCi, and various fish consumption scenarios reflecting actual data from Savannah River fishermen. Using mean Cs-137 concentrations and median fish consumption for 70 years for Black males-the group with the highest consumption-the excess lifetime risk associated with the eight species of fish in the Savannah River ranged from 9.0 x 10(-7) to 1.0 X 10(-5). The same calculation for fish from Steel Creek gave risk estimates from 1.4 to 8.0 X 10(-5). The 95% level for consumption by Blacks, however, was about 70 kg/year. Black fishermen consuming that amount of bass from Steel Creek would sustain a lifetime risk of 3.1 X 10(-4),whereas the same consumption of Savannah River bass would yield a risk estimate of 1.5 X 10(-5).