Harming by Failing to Benefit
Harming by Failing to Benefit
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因未能受益而受到伤害
DOI：
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Neil Feit
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Neil Feit
在本文中，我考虑了对危害的反事实比较说明的遗漏问题。在此帐户上，给定的事件会损害一个人，这使她的状况比没有发生的情况更糟。问题之所以出现，是因为一个人仅无法使另一个人的直觉受益似乎无害。但是，该帐户似乎暗示着当一个人未能受益时，第一个会损害第二个人，因为如果第一个受益于她，那么第二个人会更好。我认为，实际上未能受益的案件实际上是损害的情况。它们是预防性伤害的情况。我还认为，我们可以解释以下直觉，即在这些情况下不会发生任何伤害，并且反事实比较账户的相关含义与对伤害的道德意义的各种合理观点一致。
In this paper, I consider the problem of omission for the counterfactual comparative account of harm. A given event harms a person, on this account, when it makes her worse off than she would have been if it had not occurred. The problem arises because cases in which one person merely fails to benefit another intuitively seem harmless. The account, however, seems to imply that when one person fails to benefit another, the first thereby harms the second, since the second person would have been better off if the first had benefited her. I argue that the cases of failing to benefit at issue are in fact cases of harming. They are cases of preventive harm. I also argue that we can explain away the intuition that no harm occurs in these cases, and that the relevant implication of the counterfactual comparative account is consistent with a variety of plausible views about the moral significance of harm.