Mechanical energy transfer by internalforce during the swing phase of running
Mechanical energy transfer by internalforce during the swing phase of running
复制标题
跑步摆动阶段通过内力传递机械能
DOI：
10.1016/j.proeng.2012.04.132
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Y. Ohgi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
N. Yamazaki;K. Ohta;Y. Ohgi
跑步是一个循环运动，每条腿有两个阶段，站立和摆动。由肌肉力量产生的能量在初始接触和中位之间的阶段占主导地位。然而，在摆动阶段，其他的内力在段之间传递机械能。在这项研究中，我们重点研究了摆动阶段的能量传递机制，并研究了每个环节的非肌肉力（如离心力和重力）如何产生、吸收和传递机械能。对不同速度跑步摇摆阶段下肢运动进行了数学分析。利用三维双摆的动力学方程进行多体动力分析，找出有效提高摆腿摆动速度的机理。结果表明，膝关节的内力作用于整个摆动阶段，在杆部产生离心力，膝关节力矩与内力相比很小。了解利用内力的传递机制可以导致经济的跑步形式，防止受伤和提高跑步者的表现。
Running is a cyclic motion in which each leg has two phases, stance and swing. The energy generated by the muscular forces are dominant in the phase between initial contact and mid-stance. However, during the swing phase, other internal forces act to transfer the mechanical energy between segments. In this research, we focused on the energy transfer mechanism during the swing phase and investigated how non-muscular (e.g. centrifugal and gravity) forces of each link generate, absorb, and transfer the mechanical energy. A mathematical analysis of the lower limb's movement in the swing phase of running at different speeds was carried out. A multi-body power analysis was performed using dynamical equations of a three-dimensional double pendulum to find the mechanism to increase the speed of the leg swing efficiently. Results show that the internal force at the knee joint work throughout the swing phase to generate centrifugal force in the shank and that the knee joint moment is very small in comparison to the internal force. Understanding the transfer mechanism using the internal forces could lead to economical running forms that prevent injuries and enhance the performance of the runners.