The role of diet in the pathogenesis and management of irritable bowel syndrome (Review)
The role of diet in the pathogenesis and management of irritable bowel syndrome (Review)
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DOI：
10.3892/ijmm.2012.926
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发表时间：
2012-05-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Hausken, T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
El-Salhy, M.;Ostgaard, H.;Hausken, T.
大多数肠易激综合征 (IBS) 患者认为饮食在诱发 IBS 症状中发挥着重要作用，并希望知道应该避免哪些食物。研究发现，IBS患者摄入的热量、碳水化合物、蛋白质和脂肪与背景人群没有差异。研究发现 IBS 患者会避免某些富含可发酵寡糖、二糖、单糖和多元醇 (FODMAP) 的食物，但他们确实大量食用许多其他富含 FODMAP 的食物。研究发现，IBS 患者的饮食中钙、镁、磷、维生素 B2 和维生素 A 的含量较低。没有一致的证据表明IBS患者患有食物过敏，也没有记录证据表明食物不耐受在IBS症状中起作用。据报道，IBS 患者肠道激素异常。由于肠道激素控制和调节胃肠道运动和感觉，这可能解释了这些患者报告的胃肠道运动异常和内脏超敏反应。有关食物管理的指导，包括对富含 FODMAP 的食物进行个体化限制，以及对富含蛋白质、脂肪和碳水化合物/缺乏饮食的影响进行个体评估，可能会减轻 IBS 症状。
Most patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) believe that diet plays a significant role in inducing IBS symptoms and desire to know what foods to avoid. It has been found that the intake of calories, carbohydrates, proteins and fat by IBS patients does not differ from that of the background population. IBS patients were found to avoid certain food items that are rich in fermentable oligo-, di- and monosacharides and polyols (FODMAPs), but they did have a high consumption of many other FODMAP-rich food items. The diet of IBS patients was found to consist of a low calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, vitamin B2 and vitamin A content. There is no consistent evidence that IBS patients suffer from food allergy, nor is there documented evidence that food intolerance plays a role in IBS symptoms. Abnormalities in gut hormones have been reported in IBS patients. As gut hormones control and regulate gastrointestinal motility and sensation, this may explain the abnormal gastrointestinal motility and visceral hypersensitivity reported in these patients. Guidance concerning food management which includes individually based restrictions of FODMAP-rich food items and individual evaluation of the effects of protein-, fat- and carbohydrate-rich/poor diets may reduce IBS symptoms.