Gangliosides in human, cow and goat milk, and their abilities as to neutralization of cholera toxin and botulinum type A neurotoxin
Gangliosides in human, cow and goat milk, and their abilities as to neutralization of cholera toxin and botulinum type A neurotoxin
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DOI：
10.1007/s10719-008-9128-6
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发表时间：
2008-10-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Taketani, Yuji
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Iwamori, Masao;Takamizawa, Kotarou;Taketani, Yuji
为了阐明哺乳动物奶在保护婴儿免受感染方面的潜力，我们测定了人奶、牛奶和山羊奶的神经节苷脂成分与霍乱毒素和 A 型肉毒杆菌神经毒素受体的关系。 100 ml 牛奶中神经节苷脂占脂质结合唾液酸 (LSA) 的 1 至 2 μmol，所有牛奶样品中 GD3 约占 LSA 的 69%。在检测的牛奶样本中，羊奶中含有属于b途径的神经节苷脂，占LSA总量的15.8%。因此，肉毒杆菌神经毒素与羊奶中的 GT1b 和 GQ1b 结合，但不与人奶或牛奶中的任何神经节苷脂结合。另一方面，霍乱毒素受体 GM1 被发现存在于所有乳汁样品中，浓度为总 LSA 的 0.02% 至 0.77%，并且在产后母乳中保持在相对恒定的水平。 1ml混合母乳中的神经节苷脂能够将霍乱毒素（30ng）与GM1的结合减弱93%，而来自500μl羊奶的神经节苷脂则完全抑制A型肉毒杆菌神经毒素1.5μg与GT1b的结合。
To elucidate the potential of mammalian milk as to protection of infants from infections, we determined the ganglioside compositions of human, cow and goat milk in relation with cholera toxin and botulinum type A neurotoxin-receptors. Gangliosides accounted for 1 to 2 mu mol of lipid-bound sialic acid (LSA) in 100 ml of milk, and GD3 comprised about 69% of LSA in all milk samples. Among the milk samples examined, goat milk was found to contain an amount of gangliosides belonging to the b-pathway representing 15.8% of the total LSA. Accordingly, botulinum neurotoxin bound to GT1b and GQ1b in goat milk, but not to any gangliosides in human or cow milk. On the other hand, GM1, the cholera toxin receptor, was found to be present in all milk samples at concentrations of 0.02% to 0.77% of the total LSA and to be maintained at a relatively constant level in human milk during the postpartum period. Gangliosides from 1 ml of pooled human milk exhibited the ability to attenuate the binding of cholera toxin (30 ng) to GM1 by 93%, and those from 500 mu l of goat milk completely inhibited the binding of botulinum type A neurotoxin 1.5 mu g to GT1b.