Short-term larval food stress and associated compensatory growth reduce adult immune function in a damselfly
Short-term larval food stress and associated compensatory growth reduce adult immune function in a damselfly
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2311.2008.01024.x
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发表时间：
2008-12-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Stoks, Robby
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
De Block, Marjan;Stoks, Robby
1.在具有复杂生命周期的动物中，幼虫的应激源可能会延续到成年阶段。很少有人研究不通过年龄和大小介导的残留效应。本研究的重点是在幼虫阶段和变态后的成虫阶段的短期食物应激的免疫成本记录不足.本研究通过短暂饥饿处理对豆娘Lestes viridis幼虫的免疫功能[血细胞数、酚氧化酶原（proPO）和酚氧化酶（PO）活性]进行了定量测定.饥饿后，免疫变量减少饥饿的幼虫。饥饿后，甚至变态后，PO和PO的水平仍然很低。与此相反，血细胞的数量得到充分补偿的幼虫阶段结束，但在以前饥饿的动物变态后较低。这可以解释为饥饿后所观察到的补偿性生长的代价。因此，只关注幼虫阶段内幼虫压力源的潜在成本可能是误导性的。这里确定的免疫成本在成人阶段的幼虫短期食物应激和相关的补偿性生长强烈表明，生理成本可以解释隐藏的结转效应桥接变态。这增加了人们越来越多的认识，即具有复杂生命周期的动物的幼虫和成虫阶段应该联合研究，因为权衡可能跨越变态。
1. In animals with a complex life cycle, larval stressors may carry over to the adult stage. Carry-over effects not mediated through age and size at metamorphosis have rarely been studied. The present study focuses on the poorly documented immune costs of short-term food stress both in the larval stage and after metamorphosis in the adult stage.2. The present study quantified immune function [number of haemocytes, activity of prophenoloxidase (proPO) and phenoloxidase (PO)] in an experiment where larvae of the damselfly Lestes viridis were exposed to a transient starvation period.3. Directly after starvation, immune variables were reduced in starved larvae. Levels of proPO and PO remained low after starvation, even after metamorphosis. In contrast, haemocyte numbers were fully compensated by the end of the larval stage, yet were lower in previously starved animals after metamorphosis. This can be explained as a cost of the observed compensatory growth after starvation. Focusing only on potential costs of larval stressors within the larval stage may therefore be misleading.4. The here-identified immunological cost in the adult stage of larval short-term food stress and associated compensatory growth strongly indicates that physiological costs may explain hidden carry-over effects bridging metamorphosis. This adds to the increasing awareness that the larval and adult stages in animals with a complex life cycle should be jointly studied, as trade-offs may span metamorphosis.