Lateglacial and Early Holocene palaeoenvironmental change and human activity at Killerby Quarry, North Yorkshire, UK
Lateglacial and Early Holocene palaeoenvironmental change and human activity at Killerby Quarry, North Yorkshire, UK
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DOI：
10.1002/jqs.3488
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发表时间：
2022-12
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
S. Hudson;C. Waddington;B. Pears;Natalie Ellis;Luke Parker;D. Hamilton;I. Alsos;P. Hughes;A. Brown
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Hudson;C. Waddington;B. Pears;Natalie Ellis;Luke Parker;D. Hamilton;I. Alsos;P. Hughes;A. Brown
冰雪消退后进入英国半岛的狩猎采集者正在探索一个充满活力、快速变化的环境。英国北部晚冰期至全新世早期植被变化和人类居住的记录更常见于高地和洞穴遗址。然而，最近的研究强调了洼地-乌尔洼地的许多地区在低洼的冰损盆地、河道和洼地中保留了广泛的环境序列。本文采用沉积古 DNA (sedaDNA)、花粉、沉积学（地球化学和便携式光刺激发光）以及罕见且保存完好的考古学（Lavvu 结构和石器）等多代理方法对北约克郡 Killerby 采石场的冰期末至全新世早期环境进行了研究。结果表明，湿地盆地和壶穴是晚冰期的小湖泊或池塘，周围有莎草沼泽和桦树林。全新世早期，芦苇沼泽和沼泽逐渐（百年规模）演替。这种环境在冰期晚期（旧石器时代晚期）和全新世（中石器时代早期）形成了狩猎采集者短暂定居的资源景观，被丰富的与池塘相关的动植物群落以及通过洼地河轻松战略景观所吸引，洼地河是一条穿过景观的主干道，通过基勒比周围的古湖泊连接北海盆地和奔宁高地。
The hunter‐gatherers that entered the British peninsula after ice‐retreat were exploiting a dynamic, rapidly changing environment. Records of vegetation change and human occupation during the Lateglacial to Early Holocene in northern Britain are more commonly found at upland and cave sites. However, recent research highlights many areas of the Swale–Ure Washlands that preserve extensive environmental sequences in low‐lying ice‐wastage basins, channels and depressions. The Lateglacial–Early Holocene environment of Killerby Quarry, North Yorkshire, is investigated here using a multi‐proxy approach of sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA), pollen, sedimentological (geochemistry and portable optically stimulated luminescence), and rare and well‐preserved archaeology (Lavvu structures and lithics). Results show that the wetland basins and kettleholes were small lakes or ponds in the Lateglacial surrounded by sedge‐fen and birch woodland. A gradual (centennial scale) succession to reed‐swamp and then marsh is seen by the Early Holocene. This environment formed the resource‐scape for hunter‐gatherer transitory settlement in both the Lateglacial (Late Upper Palaeolithic) and Holocene (Early Mesolithic), attracted by the rich communities of pond‐related flora and fauna as well as easy strategic landscape access by way of the River Swale, an arterial route through the landscape connecting the North Sea Basin with the Pennine uplands via the palaeolakes around Killerby.