MISCLASSIFICATION IN 2 X 2 TABLES
MISCLASSIFICATION IN 2 X 2 TABLES
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DOI：
10.2307/3001619
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发表时间：
1954-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
BROSS, I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BROSS, I
当来自两个种群的样本中的个体根据某一特定特征的存在与否进行分类时，数据通常以2x2列联表的形式呈现。在某些情况下，例如当特征是“活或死”时，分类错误的风险很小，但当特征更难评估时，例如存在或不存在疾病，则可能发生错误分类的错误。作者讨论了误分类对显著性检验和估计的影响。一般来说，错误分类不会影响显著性检验的效度，但会降低检验的有效性。对估计的影响更为明显，并可能导致严重的偏差。对这些数据的处理提出了建议，并给出了一个表，显示了错误分类对显著性检验效率的影响。
When individuals in samples from two populations are classified according to the presence or absence of a particular characteristic, the data are often presented in the form of a 2x2 contingency table. In some cases, for example when the characteristic is "alive or dead", there is little risk of error in classification, but when the characteristic is more difficult to assess, such as the presence or absence of a disease, errors of misclassification are likely to occur. The author discussed the effects of misclassification on tests of significance and on estimation. In general, misclassification will not affect the validity of a significance test but it will reduce the power of the test. The effect on estimation is more pronounced and can cause substantial bias. Suggestions are made for handling such data and a table is presented which shows the effect of misclassification on the efficiency of a significance test.