Recognition of Face and Non-Face Stimuli in Autistic Spectrum Disorder
Recognition of Face and Non-Face Stimuli in Autistic Spectrum Disorder
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DOI：
10.1002/aur.1318
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发表时间：
2013-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Skuse, David H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Arkush, Leo;Smith-Collins, Adam P. R.;Skuse, David H.
记住面孔的能力对于社会能力的发展至关重要。从童年到成年，我们在识别面部图像方面获得了高水平的专业知识，神经过程变得致力于维持能力。许多自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）患者的面部识别记忆力很差;发型或其他非面部特征的变化会影响他们的回忆能力。观察结果表明，他们可能不使用内脸的配置来实现记忆能力，但以其他方式支持性能。我们的目的是通过比较一组高功能未用药的ASD青少年和匹配的对照组在意外面部识别记忆任务中的表现来验证这一假设。我们比较了他们对陌生面孔的记忆和对房屋图像的记忆。为了评估周边线索在辅助识别记忆中所扮演的角色，我们裁剪了两组图片，只保留了最突出的中心特征。ASD青少年的面孔识别记忆比典型对照组差，但他们对房屋的识别记忆没有受损。相对于对照组，裁剪人脸图像并没有不成比例地影响他们的回忆准确性。两组的房屋识别技能（裁剪和未裁剪）相似。仅在ASD组中，两组任务的表现密切相关，这意味着面孔和其他复杂的图形刺激的记忆是通过域一般（非专用）认知机制实现的。ASD青少年显然不使用内部面部线索的领域专门化处理来支持面部识别记忆。Autism Res 2013，6：550-560. (c)2013年国际自闭症研究学会，Wiley Periodicals，Inc。
The ability to remember faces is critical for the development of social competence. From childhood to adulthood, we acquire a high level of expertise in the recognition of facial images, and neural processes become dedicated to sustaining competence. Many people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have poor face recognition memory; changes in hairstyle or other non-facial features in an otherwise familiar person affect their recollection skills. The observation implies that they may not use the configuration of the inner face to achieve memory competence, but bolster performance in other ways. We aimed to test this hypothesis by comparing the performance of a group of high-functioning unmedicated adolescents with ASD and a matched control group on a surprise face recognition memory task. We compared their memory for unfamiliar faces with their memory for images of houses. To evaluate the role that is played by peripheral cues in assisting recognition memory, we cropped both sets of pictures, retaining only the most salient central features. ASD adolescents had poorer recognition memory for faces than typical controls, but their recognition memory for houses was unimpaired. Cropping images of faces did not disproportionately influence their recall accuracy, relative to controls. House recognition skills (cropped and uncropped) were similar in both groups. In the ASD group only, performance on both sets of task was closely correlated, implying that memory for faces and other complex pictorial stimuli is achieved by domain-general (non-dedicated) cognitive mechanisms. Adolescents with ASD apparently do not use domain-specialized processing of inner facial cues to support face recognition memory. Autism Res 2013, 6: 550-560. (c) 2013 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.