The reproductive cycles and geographical distribution of some common eastern Australian prosobranchs (Mollusca: Gastropoda)
The reproductive cycles and geographical distribution of some common eastern Australian prosobranchs (Mollusca: Gastropoda)
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澳大利亚东部一些常见原鳃类的生殖周期和地理分布（软体动物：腹足纲）
DOI：
10.1071/mf9740063
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发表时间：
1974
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Underwood
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Underwood
根据博物馆资料和文献资料，确定了澳大利亚东部常见的10种潮间带前枝的分类位置和澳大利亚分布。Patellanax peroni (Blainville), Subninella undulata （Solander）和Littorina unifasciata Gray有一个南部分布（从北纬43 - 30度），向北延伸至南纬260度，但没有到南回归线。Austrocochlea constricta （Lamarck）、Nerita atramentosa Reeve和Bembicium nanum （Lamarck）与前者有相同的南部界限，但向北延伸至南回归线。montfortura rugosa （Quoy & Gaimard）和Cellana tramoserica （Sowerby）进一步向北延伸至昆士兰州北部（1790年）。Nodilittorina pyramidalis （Quoy & Gaimard）和Morula marginalba Blainville在北部分布，遍布太平洋，并向南延伸至新南威尔士州南部（37 - 30年代）。简要讨论了这四种分布类型与澳大利亚动物省的关系。从1972年3月到1973年5月，每月对10种的子房进行固定的光镜检查。记录未成熟和成熟卵母细胞的数量，以确定配子发生、卵黄发生和产卵的次数和季节持续时间。大多数种类的产卵时间是通过岸边的卵囊或新定居的幼鱼来确定的。男性和女性性腺的外观被证明是不可靠的估计生殖周期的阶段。这10个物种在同一地点的繁殖周期模式和时间差异很大，但与它们的总体地理分布、海岸分区格局或系统发育关系无关。讨论了海水和空气温度作为生殖周期开始和结束阶段的刺激的可能重要性。有些物种受温度变化的影响。锥体N.锥体N.锥体N.锥体N.锥体N.锥体N.锥体N.锥体N.锥体N.锥体N.锥体N.锥体；所有这些物种都有长期浮游营养化的幼虫。可能除了与前一个物种在同一时期繁殖的白沙螺（Nerita atramentosa）之外，所有其他物种都是具有短期营养幼虫的古胃足类动物，它们不依赖于浮游植物食物来源的可用性。大蟒蛇全年都在繁殖，帕特拉纳克斯在6月到9月或2月到5月。3月至10月为曲丝Cellana tramoserica品种，10月/ 11月至5月为波状Subninella和rugosa。所有的古胃足类动物，尤其是佩罗尼Patellanax peroni，一年到头都保留着未脱落的成熟卵母细胞。锥体扁豆、一叶扁豆、小扁豆、白沙沙和边缘桑葚均表现出未脱落卵母细胞的细胞溶解和再吸收。
The taxonomic positions and Australian distributions of 10 common species of intertidal prosobranchs from eastern Australia were established from museum collections and published records. Patellanax peroni (Blainville), Subninella undulata (Solander) and Littorina unifasciata Gray have a southern distribution (from latitude 43o 30'S.) reaching as far north as 26o S., but not to the tropic of Capricorn. Austrocochlea constricta (Lamarck), Nerita atramentosa Reeve and Bembicium nanum (Lamarck) have the same southern limit as the former species but extend northwards to the tropic of Capricorn. Montfortula rugosa (Quoy & Gaimard) and Cellana tramoserica (Sowerby) extend further north to northern Queensland (17oS.). Nodilittorina pyramidalis (Quoy & Gaimard) and Morula marginalba Blainville have a northern distribution, occurring throughout the Pacific, and extend southwards to southern New South Wales (37o 30'S.). These four types of distribution are briefly discussed in relation to the Australian faunistic provinces. Monthly samples from March 1972 to May 1973 of the ovaries of the 10 species were fixed for examination by light microscopy. The numbers of immature and mature oocytes were recorded to establish the times and seasonal duration of gametogenesis, vitellogenesis and spawning. The time of spawning for most species was confirmed from the presence on the shore of egg capsules or newly settled juveniles. The external appearance of male and female gonads proved unreliable for estimation of the phases of reproductive cycle. The 10 species showed a wide variety of pattern and timing of reproductive cycle at one locality, which did not correlate with their overall geographical distributions, zonation pattern on the shore or phylogenetic relationships. The possible importance of seawater and air temperatures as stimuli for initiation and cessation of phases of the reproductive cycles is discussed. Some species are influenced by temperature changes. The spawning periods of N. pyramidalis, L. unifasciata, M. marginalba and B. nanum fell within the period of maximum availability of phytoplankton (August to March). All these species have long-term planktotrophic larvae. With the possible exception of Nerita atramentosa, which breeds during the same period as the previous species, all the other species are archaeogastropods with short-term lecithotrophic larvae, which are independent of the availability of phytoplankton food sources. Austrocochlea constricta breeds throughout the year, Patellanax peroni either from June to September or from February to May. Cellana tramoserica breeds from March to October and Subninella undulata and Montfortula rugosa from October/November to May. All of the archaeogastropods, especially Patellanax peroni, retain unshed mature oocytes from one year to the next. Nodilittorina pyramidalis, Littorina unifasciata, Bembicium nanum, Nerita atramentosa and Morula marginalba all show cytolysis and resorption of unshed oocytes.