An STD/HIV prevention intervention framework
An STD/HIV prevention intervention framework
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DOI：
10.1089/108729100318118
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发表时间：
2000-01-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Scribner, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cohen, DA;Scribner, R
从历史上看，防止性病/艾滋病毒传播的干预措施已通过程序方法进行分类，而不是定义干预的内容和性质。需要新的分类法来帮助扩大可用于防止性病和艾滋病毒传播的干预措施的范围。分类法定义了两种主要类型的干预措施：个人级别和结构层面。前者目标是个人归因于个人的风险因素。结构干预措施针对个人控制之外的条件。个人水平的干预措施着重于咨询，筛查和治疗。它们包括心理和生物学干预措施。结构性水平的干预措施解决相关消费产品（避孕套，针），物理结构（例如，枯萎和废弃的住房，照明，社会设施设计），社会结构（促进或限制行为的政策，例如对青年监督的行为以及执法，酒精饮料法）；以及媒体消息（广播和打印媒体中的消息和图像将高速行为描绘成积极而没有严重后果）。新的分类法不仅阐明了预防干预措施的内容，还强调了涉及个人生物学干预措施和结构性干预措施以防止性病/艾滋病毒传播的被忽视策略。
Historically, interventions to prevent STD/HIV transmission have been categorized by program methodology rather than defining the content and nature of the intervention. A new taxonomy is needed to help expand the scope of interventions that can be used to prevent STD and HIV transmission. The taxonomy defines two major types of interventions, individual-level and structural level. The former targets risk factors attributable to individuals. Structural interventions target conditions outside the control of the individual. Individual-level interventions focus on counseling, screening, and treatment. They include psychological and biological interventions. Structural-level interventions address accessibility of relevant consumer products (condoms, needles), physical structures (e.g. blighted and abandoned housing, lighting, design of social facilities), social structures (policies that facilitate or constrain behaviors such as supervision of youth, and enforcement of alcohol beverage laws); and media messages (messages and images in the broadcast and print media that portray highrisk behaviors as positive and without serious consequences). A new taxonomy not only clarifies the content of preventive interventions but highlights neglected strategies involving individual biological interventions and structural interventions to prevent STD/HIV transmission.