Little Portugal and the Changing Spatial Structure of the Portuguese Community in Toronto
Little Portugal and the Changing Spatial Structure of the Portuguese Community in Toronto
复制标题
小葡萄牙与多伦多葡萄牙人社区空间结构的变化
DOI：
10.4157/geogrevjapanb.88.1
复制
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Takahashi Koki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Takahashi Koki
本研究试图提出一个替代框架来考察传统民族社区的转型过程，并理解当代北美多民族城市中民族社区空间结构的变化。自移民开始以来，葡萄牙人已在多伦多居住了半个多世纪。这个社区现在面临着代际更替。多伦多的葡萄牙裔社区以住宅、商业和组织等族裔功能为中心进行考察，以拆解当今族裔社区复杂的空间结构。从 20 世纪 70 年代到 80 年代初，此类民族功能集中在位于多伦多市中心附近的小葡萄牙。然而，在 20 世纪 80 年代，葡萄牙住宅空间开始从小葡萄牙扩展到多伦多北部走廊和西郊。 20世纪90年代中期后，葡萄牙组织迁至北部走廊。此外，自2000年代初以来，由于第一代葡萄牙人的老龄化以及非葡萄牙人或中产阶级的流入，葡萄牙企业的数量有所减少。换言之，民族功能从小葡萄牙的迁移是分多个阶段进行的。不过，葡萄牙企业家仍然管理着小葡萄牙约一半的企业，这个传统的民族社区仍然是葡萄牙社区的核心区域。如今，多伦多的葡萄牙人根据其活动内容使用复数空间。葡萄牙社会虽然在空间上分散，但其社会联系却是以种族为基础维持的，这三个空间因此紧密相连。
This study attempts to propose an alternative framework for examining the transformation process of traditional ethnic neighborhoods and understanding the changing spatial structure of ethnic communities in multiethnic cities in contemporary North America. Since the beginning of immigration, the Portuguese have been residing in Toronto for more than half a century. This community now faces a generational change. Toronto’s Portuguese community is examined by focusing on the ethnic functions that comprise its residences, businesses, and organizations in order to dismantle the complicated spatial structure of today’s ethnic community. From the 1970s through the early 1980s, such ethnic functions were concentrated in Little Portugal, located near downtown Toronto. During the 1980s, however, Portuguese residential space began to spread from Little Portugal to Toronto’s northern corridor and western suburbs. After the mid-1990s, Portuguese organizations relocated to the northern corridor. Moreover, the number of Portuguese businesses has decreased since the beginning of the 2000s, consequent to the aging of first-generation Portuguese and the inflow of non-Portuguese people, or gentrifiers. In other words, ethnic functions relocated from Little Portugal in multiple stages. However, Portuguese entrepreneurs still manage approximately half of the businesses in Little Portugal, and this traditional ethnic neighborhood remains the core area of the Portuguese community. Today, the Portuguese in Toronto utilize plural spaces depending on the content of their activities. Although the Portuguese community is spatially dispersed, its social ties are maintained on the basis of ethnicity, and these three spaces are thus closely connected with each other.