Urological screening of a wild group of Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata yakui): investigating trends in nutrition and health
Urological screening of a wild group of Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata yakui): investigating trends in nutrition and health
复制标题
对野生日本猕猴（Macaca fuscata yakui）进行泌尿系统筛查：调查营养和健康趋势
DOI：
10.1007/s10764-012-9592-5
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Miyabe-Nishiwaki T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
MacIntosh AJJ;Huffman MA;Nishiwaki K;Miyabe-Nishiwaki T
灵长类动物是最受威胁的动物类群之一，因此研究在野外监测它们健康状况的方法变得越来越重要。我们在这里调查日本猕猴（Macaca fuscata yakui）在自然条件下的营养和健康趋势，使用人类和兽医卫生实践的常用工具：尿液分析。在2007年10月至2009年8月间，我们从屋久岛的一群猕猴中收集了103份尿液样本。我们使用多试剂试纸分析，结合疾病临床体征的系统监测（通过局部抽样），检查受试者之间10种尿液化学参数的变化。阳性检测往往是短暂的和弱的，即检测到微量的分析物，与疾病的临床症状无关。此外，我们收集的大多数尿液样本都是高浓度的（尿液比重≥1.030），这可能增加了检测尿液中可能出现的临床无关紧要的分析物量的可能性。然而，我们发现尿中通常不存在的酮体在冬季比夏季更普遍，这可能表明日本猕猴生活在物种最丰富的栖息地，但在食物质量低和体温调节成本高的时期却经历了能量不足。我们得出结论，试纸尿液分析可用于检查营养和健康的一般趋势，但必须谨慎解释结果，因为在许多情况下，阳性测试可能不能反映临床重要的泌尿系统疾病。
Primates are among the most threatened of animal taxa, and it is therefore increasingly important to examine ways to monitor their health in the wild. We here investigate trends in nutrition and health in Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata yakui) under natural conditions using a common tool from human and veterinary health practices: urinalysis. Between October 2007 and August 2009, we collected 103 urine samplesad libitumfrom 29 identified individuals of a group of macaques on Yakushima Island. We used multireagent dipstick analysis to examine variation in 10 urine chemistry parameters across subjects in combination with systematic monitoring of clinical signs of disease (via focal sampling). Positive tests tended to be transient and weak, i.e., analytes detected in trace amounts, and were not associated with clinical signs of disease. In addition, most urine samples we collected were highly concentrated (urine specific gravity ≥1.030), which could have increased the likelihood of detecting clinically insignificant amounts of analytes that can occur in urine. However, we found that ketone bodies, which are not normally found in urine, were more prevalent during winter than summer, which may indicate that Japanese macaques inhabiting the richest habitat available to the species nonetheless experience an energy deficit during periods of low food quality and high thermoregulatory costs. We conclude that dipstick urinalysis can be used to examine general trends in nutrition and health, but that results must be interpreted with care because positive tests may not reflect clinically significant urological conditions in many cases.