The low-methionine content of vegan diets may make methionine restriction feasible as a life extension strategy
The low-methionine content of vegan diets may make methionine restriction feasible as a life extension strategy
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DOI：
10.1016/j.mehy.2008.07.044
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发表时间：
2009-02-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Contreras, Francisco
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McCarty, Mark F.;Barroso-Aranda, Jorge;Contreras, Francisco
最近的研究证实，饮食蛋氨酸限制可以延长大鼠和小鼠的平均寿命和最大寿命，实现与热量限制非常相似的“延缓衰老”效果，包括抑制线粒体超氧化物的产生。尽管自愿热量限制永远不可能作为人类的长寿策略而受到广泛欢迎，但鉴于纯素饮食中这种氨基酸的含量相对较低，实现适度的蛋氨酸限制可能更可行。植物蛋白——尤其是来自豆类或坚果的蛋白——蛋氨酸含量往往低于动物蛋白。此外，纯素食饮食的总蛋白质含量（作为卡路里含量的函数）往往低于杂食饮食，并且植物蛋白的生物利用度略低于动物蛋白。全食纯素饮食适度摄入豆类和大豆，同时包含大量水果和葡萄酒或啤酒，其蛋氨酸含量可能相当低，同时为健康提供丰富的营养（假设同时补充 B12）。此外，低脂纯素饮食加上运动训练，有望通过降低胰岛素和游离 IGF-I 的全身水平来延长寿命。后一种效应会因蛋氨酸限制而放大——尽管目前尚不清楚 IGF-I 下调是否是低蛋氨酸饮食影响啮齿类动物寿命的唯一基础。 (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
Recent studies confirm that dietary methionine restriction increases both mean and maximal lifespan in rats and mice, achieving "aging retardant" effects very similar to those of caloric restriction, including a suppression of mitochondrial superoxide generation. Although voluntary caloric restriction is never likely to gain much popularity as a pro-longevity strategy for humans, it may be more feasible to achieve moderate methionine restriction, in light of the fact that vegan diets tend to be relatively low in this amino acid. Plant proteins - especially those derived from legumes or nuts - tend to be lower in methionine than animal proteins. Furthermore, the total protein content of vegan diets, as a function of calorie content, tends to be lower than that of omnivore diets, and plant protein has somewhat lower bioavailability than animal protein. Whole-food vegan diets that moderate bean and soy intake, while including ample amounts of fruit and wine or beer, can be quite low in methionine, while supplying abundant nutrition for health (assuming concurrent B12 supplementation). Furthermore, low-fat vegan diets, coupled with exercise training, can be expected to promote longevity by decreasing systemic levels of insulin and free IGF-I; the latter effect would be amplified by methionine restriction - though it is not clear whether IGF-I down-regulation is the sole basis for the impact of low-methionine diets on longevity in rodents. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.