Linking notions of justice and project outcomes in carbon offset forestry projects: Insights from a comparative study in Uganda
Linking notions of justice and project outcomes in carbon offset forestry projects: Insights from a comparative study in Uganda
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DOI：
10.1016/j.landusepol.2017.12.055
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发表时间：
2018-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
Mwayafu, D. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fisher, J. A.;Cavanagh, C. J.;Mwayafu, D. M.
在过去的20年里，乌干达已经成为非洲使用的各种碳林业模式的试验场。乌干达的碳林业倡议提出了正义问题，因为碳足迹相对微不足道的人会受到富人、公司和国家希望减少其更广泛的碳足迹而引发的土地使用变化的影响。本文考察了当地人在乌干达两个截然不同的碳林业项目--埃尔贡山乌干达野生动物管理局--森林吸收碳排放项目(UWA-FACE)和全球造福树木(TFGB)项目中所表达的正义观念。由于深刻的争议和负面的国际宣传，UWA-Face在埃尔冈山关闭了10年的初步业务，而TFGB被许多人视为非洲小农碳林业的典范设计。我们的方法建立在文献中对当地人与环境干预相关的正义观念的实证分析的基础上。这篇论文的主要贡献是考察人们的正义观念如何影响这些案例中不同的项目结果。特别是，我们强调，过渡联邦政府在满足人们主要的分配关切方面取得了相对成功，显然没有显著挑战人们对承认或程序正义的普遍期望。相反，我们阐明了在埃尔冈山的UWA-Face中，正义维度范围内的争议如何最终导致了该项目的衰落。因此，本文探讨了对正义观念的关注如何有助于更全面地了解人们对碳林业项目的反应，以及这种干预的途径和最终结果。
Over the last 20 years, Uganda has emerged as a testing ground for the various modes of carbon forestry used in Africa. Carbon forestry initiatives in Uganda raise questions of justice, given that people with comparatively negligible carbon footprints are affected by land use changes initiated by the desire of wealthy people, firms, and countries to reduce their more extensive carbon footprints. This paper examines the notions of justice local people express in relation to two contrasting carbon forestry projects in Uganda, the Mount Elgon Uganda Wildlife Authority- Forests Absorbing Carbon Emissions (UWA-FACE) project and Trees for Global Benefit (TFGB). UWA-FACE closed down its initial operations at Mount Elgon after 10 years as a result of deep controversies and negative international publicity, whereas TFGB is regarded by many as an exemplary design for smallholder carbon forestry in Africa. Our approach builds upon an emerging strand in the literature, of empirical analyses of local people's notions of justice related to environmental interventions. The main contribution of the paper is to examine how people's notions of justice have influenced divergent project outcomes in these cases. In particular, we highlight the relative success of TFGB in the way it meets people's primarily distributional concerns, apparently without significantly challenging prevalent expectations of recognition or procedural justice. In contrast, we illuminate how controversy across the range of justice dimensions in UWA-FACE at Mount Elgon ultimately led to the project's decline. This paper therefore explores how attention to notions of justice can contribute to a fuller understanding of the reactions of people to carbon forestry projects, as well as the pathways and ultimate outcomes of such interventions.