Subcortical differentiation of stop consonants relates to reading and speech-in-noise perception
Subcortical differentiation of stop consonants relates to reading and speech-in-noise perception
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0901123106
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发表时间：
2009-08-04
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Kraus, Nina
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hornickel, Jane;Skoe, Erika;Kraus, Nina
有阅读障碍的儿童在语音意识、音素分类、噪音中的言语感知以及频率和时间辨别等心理物理任务方面存在缺陷。这些儿童中的许多人在听觉脑干中也表现出言语刺激的异常编码，尽管对点击刺激的反应是正常的。在正常发育的儿童中，听觉脑干反应反映了对比塞音之间的声学差异。目前的研究调查了塞音辅音的皮层下分化是否与阅读能力和噪声中的言语表现有关。在一组具有广泛阅读能力的儿童中，发现 3 种语音刺激（[ba]、[da]、[ga]）的皮层下分化与语音意识、阅读和噪声中语音感知相关，表现较好的儿童对这 3 个音节的反应表现出更大的差异。当根据语音意识和噪声中的言语表现将受试者分为三等分时，每组中表现最好的三分之一比排名靠后的三分之一具有更大的皮层下分化。这些结果与语音意识和噪声中语音感知的神经过程依赖于认知和感知过程之间的相互作用的观点是一致的。
Children with reading impairments have deficits in phonological awareness, phonemic categorization, speech-in-noise perception, and psychophysical tasks such as frequency and temporal discrimination. Many of these children also exhibit abnormal encoding of speech stimuli in the auditory brainstem, even though responses to click stimuli are normal. In typically developing children the auditory brainstem response reflects acoustic differences between contrastive stop consonants. The current study investigated whether this subcortical differentiation of stop consonants was related to reading ability and speech-in-noise performance. Across a group of children with a wide range of reading ability, the subcortical differentiation of 3 speech stimuli ([ba], [da], [ga]) was found to be correlated with phonological awareness, reading, and speech-in-noise perception, with better performers exhibiting greater differences among responses to the 3 syllables. When subjects were categorized into terciles based on phonological awareness and speech-in-noise performance, the top-performing third in each grouping had greater subcortical differentiation than the bottom third. These results are consistent with the view that the neural processes underlying phonological awareness and speech-in-noise perception depend on reciprocal interactions between cognitive and perceptual processes.