An fMRI study of decision-making under conflict in individuals with autism spectrum condition
An fMRI study of decision-making under conflict in individuals with autism spectrum condition
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DOI：
10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1954
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发表时间：
2021-08-13
影响因子：
7.8
通讯作者：
Fujino, J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tei, S.;Fujino, J.
患有自闭症谱系疾病（ASC）的人经常报告社交沟通困难，并且行为僵化。然而，尚不清楚在解决不同社会冲突的情况下，这种僵化是否普遍存在于认知灵活性（CF）和情感灵活性（AF）中。研究 ASC 患者的 CF 和 AF 水平以及相关的大脑活动。患有 ASC 和典型发育 (TD) 的个体在功能磁共振成像期间执行道德困境任务。对于CF，参与者做出以下决定：（1）是否实施以结果为导向的行动，优先考虑社会/公共利益； (2)判断这些行为是对是错。对于 AF，参与者做出以下决定：（1）是否允许在引起同情的情况下违反社会规范/规则； (2) 在不引起同情的情况下允许这些相同的侵犯行为。我们通过计算CF/AF会话中的决策转换率来计算参与者的CF/AF水平（转换定义为：CF，判断行为错误，但选择在同一个小插图中执行该行为；AF，判断违规行为在不引起同情的情况下是不允许的，但在引起同情的情况下是允许的）。对于 CF，与 TD 参与者相比，ASC 参与者的 CF 转换率显着降低 (p < 0.05)，并且执行功能的相应大脑活动也显着降低。对于 AF，虽然 AF 转换率差异不显着，但我们观察到每组都有独特的大脑活动（例如，大背内侧前额皮质的 TD 激活和扣带皮层的 ASC 激活）。我们的结果表明，CF 和 AF 可能进一步表征 ASC 不灵活性。没有重大关系。
Individuals with autism spectrum condition (ASC) frequently report difficulties in social communications, combined with restricted inflexible behaviors. However, it is unclear whether this rigidity is pervasive across cognitive flexibility (CF) and affective flexibility (AF) in situations which resolve different social conflicts. To study CF and AF levels and associated brain activity in individuals with ASC. Individuals with ASC and with typical development (TD) performed a moral dilemma task during functional magnetic resonance imaging. For CF, participants made decisions on (1) whether to enforce result-oriented actions to prioritize social/public benefits; and (2) judged whether these actions are right or wrong. For AF, participants made decisions on (1) whether to permit social norm/rule violations in sympathy-evoking situations; and (2) permit these identical violations in no sympathy-evoking situations. We calculated participants’ CF/AF levels by computing the switching-rate of decisions in CF/AF sessions (switching was defined as: CF, judging the actions as wrong but choosing to enforce the action in the same vignette; AF, judging the violations as not permissible in a no sympathy-evoking circumstance, but permissible in a sympathy-evoking circumstance). For CF, ASC participants showed a marked decrease in CF switching-rates compared to TD participants (p < 0.05), and in corresponding brain activity for executive functioning. For AF, although the AF switching rate difference was non-significant, we observed unique brain activities in each group (e.g., TD activation of the greater dorsomedial-prefrontal cortex and ASC activation of the cingulate cortex). Our results suggest ASC inflexibility may be further characterized by both CF and AF. No significant relationships.