Mechanoresistive single-molecule junctions.
Mechanoresistive single-molecule junctions.
复制标题
机械电阻单分子结。
DOI：
10.1039/d1nr06891a
复制
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Vezzoli A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vezzoli A
单分子结——通过将单个分子电连接到两个电极而制造的装置——可以响应各种刺激，包括静电/电化学门控、光、其他化学物质和机械力。当使用后者时，该装置变为机械电阻，这意味着其电阻/电导在施加机械应力时发生变化。力阻现象可以出现在金属-分子界面，也可以嵌入分子主链中，多年来已经开发了几种实现高再现性、高灵敏度和可逆行为的策略。这些器件提供了对金属/分子界面的电荷转移/传输过程的独特见解，并且具有作为纳米机电系统应用的潜力，在纳米尺度上集成电气和机械功能。在这篇综述中，介绍了该领域的现状，重点关注那些被证明具有可逆行为的系统，并讨论了用于制造和表征机械电阻装置的技术。
Single-molecule junctions – devices fabricated by electrically connecting a single molecule to two electrodes – can respond to a variety of stimuli, that include electrostatic/electrochemical gating, light, other chemical species, and mechanical forces. When the latter is used, the device becomes mechanoresistive which means that its electrical resistance/conductance changes upon application of a mechanical stress. The mechanoresistive phenomenon can arise at the metal-molecule interface or it can be embedded in the molecular backbone, and several strategies to attain high reproducibility, high sensitivity and reversible behaviour have been developed over the years. These devices offer a unique insight on the process of charge transfer/transport at the metal/molecule interface, and have potential for applications as nanoelectromechanical systems, integrating electrical and mechanical functionality at the nanoscale. In this review, the status of the field is presented, with a focus on those systems that proved to have reversible behaviour, along with a discussion on the techniques used to fabricate and characterise mechanoresistive devices.