Poverty in an industrializing town: deserving hardship in Bolton, 1674-99
Poverty in an industrializing town: deserving hardship in Bolton, 1674-99
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工业化城镇的贫困：博尔顿应受的苦难，1674-99 年
DOI：
10.1080/03071021003721531
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
Healey J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Healey J
什么样的人得到了英国旧济贫法的救济，这是近代早期社会史上最紧迫的问题之一。我们对获得救济的穷人的社会特征的了解，大部分来自对中国南部和东部农村社区的研究。在这些地方，人们强调，老年和“子女负担过重”的问题是造成贫困的主要原因。本文使用了三个非常详细的人口普查数据（1674年，1686年，1699年）重建的社会和经济特点，减轻贫困的工业化城镇博尔顿（兰开夏郡），审查的方式，当地的经济条件有助于确定配置的贫困。调查发现，与老年和大家庭相比，家庭破裂和疾病是这里贫民社区的常见特征。此外，使用棉花的纺织工业对城镇经济的重要性使其特别容易受到周期性经济危机的影响，其中之一，1674- 1675年，在这里详细分析。
The question of what kinds of people were relieved by England's Old Poor Law is one of the most pressing in early modern social history. Most of our knowledge about the social characteristics of the relieved poor comes from studies of rural communities in the south and east of the country, where old age and the problems of being ‘overcharged with children’ have been emphasized as key causes of hardship.This article uses three exceptionally detailed censuses (1674, 1686, 1699) to reconstruct the social and economic characteristics of relieved poverty in the industrializing town of Bolton (Lancashire), examining the way in which local economic conditions helped determine the configuration of poverty. It finds that family breakdown and sickness were more common characteristics of the pauper community here than old age and large families. In addition, the importance of cotton-using textile industries to the town's economy rendered it especially vulnerable to periodic economic crises, one of which, that of 1674–5, is analysed in detail here.