Survival of white-tailed deer in intensively farmed areas of Illinois
Survival of white-tailed deer in intensively farmed areas of Illinois
复制标题
白尾鹿在伊利诺伊州集约化养殖地区的生存
DOI：
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发表时间：
2001
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
P. C. Mankin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. M. Nixon;L. Hansen;P. Brewer;J. Chelsvig;Terry L. Esker;Dwayne R. Etter;Joseph B. Sullivan;Robert G. Koerkenmeier;P. C. Mankin
在伊利诺斯州中部和北方的3个研究区域，对265只雌性和224只雄性1岁白尾鹿（Odocoileus virginianus）的存活率进行了检查。从出生起，女性的平均寿命为5.5年，男性为2.5年。265名女性中有24名从出生起至少生活了10年，但只有14名男性至少生活了5年。最年长的女性18岁，最年长的男性9岁时被杀。对于男性和女性来说，死亡都集中在秋季，男性比女性更有可能死亡。男性更有可能死于狩猎，而女性则更有可能死于其他原因。已知的受伤死亡人数是弓箭手每3只鹿中有1只，火器猎人每8只鹿中有1只。分散的雄性和雌性一岁鹿以及2岁鹿的死亡率比久坐不动的鹿更高。一岁及以上雌性的年存活率范围为0.56（分散2岁）至0.92（8岁）。5岁女性的生存率明显低于年龄较大和年龄较小的女性。
Survival of 265 female and 224 male 1-year-old white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) marked on 3 study areas in central and northern Illinois was examined. Females lived, on average, 5.5 years and males 2.5 years from birth. Twenty-four of the 265 females lived for at least 10 years from birth, but only 14 males for at least 5 years. The oldest female was 18 years of age and the oldest male 9 years old when killed. For both sexes, deaths were concentrated in the fall, with males more likely to die than females. Males were more likely to die from hunting and females from other causes. Known wounding deaths were 1 for every 3 retrieved deer for archers and 1 for every 8 for firearms hunters. Dispersing male and female yearlings and 2-year-olds suffered greater mortality than did sedentary deer. Annual survival rates of yearling and older females ranged from 0.56 (dispersing 2-year-olds) to 0.92 (8-year-olds). Survival was significantly reduced for 5-year-old females compared with those both older and y...