Compensatory growth of fast-growing willow (Salix) coppice in response to simulated large herbivore browsing
Compensatory growth of fast-growing willow (Salix) coppice in response to simulated large herbivore browsing
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DOI：
10.1111/j.0030-1299.2006.13545.x
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发表时间：
2006-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Bergström, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guillet, C;Bergström, R
我们测试的时间和强度的鹿浏览补偿反应的生物能源种植的杨柳的效果。在夏季和冬季分别模拟了几次浏览。在新的杨柳种植园建立后的第一年，并在收获后的第一年，在一个老杨柳矮林修剪在不同的强度。总地上生物量和生物量可供鹿浏览记录在第一和第二生长期结束后修剪。无论是在新的种植园和在老矮林，柳树完全补偿冬季修剪后的生物量损失，无论修剪强度。另一方面，总生物量生产通常下降后，高强度的夏季修剪。这种季节性差异可能是由修剪后剩余芽的营养来解释的。在新的杨柳种植园，总生产的生物量夏季修剪后仍然在50%左右的控制粪便在实验结束时的水平。在较老的矮林，通常浏览水平鹿在夏季，大致对应于本实验中使用的适度修剪强度，并没有影响总生产的生物量。新建立的杨柳凳子反应夏季修剪不足的生物量可供鹿浏览，而旧的凳子可以过度补偿。与夏末修剪的粪便相比，初夏修剪的杨柳粪便能够更早和更强地补偿。夏季修剪所消耗的枝条生物量比例越高，杨柳的补偿生长越低。根据不同的情况下，快速增长的柳树响应在整个连续体从下到过度补偿，并讨论了一些影响杨柳种植园和大型草食动物的管理。
We tested the effect of timing and intensity of deer browsing on compensatory response by willow grown for bioenergy. Browsing was simulated several times during summer and once during winter. The clipping was done at different intensities during the first year after establishment in a new willow plantation, and during the first year after harvest in an older willow coppice. Total aboveground biomass and biomass available for deer browsing were recorded both at the end of the first and the second growing periods after clipping. Both in the new plantation and in the older coppice, the willows fully compensated for biomass losses after winter clipping, irrespective of clipping intensity. On the other hand, total biomass production usually decreased after high-intensity summer clipping. Such a seasonal difference may be explained by the nutrition of remaining buds after clipping. In the new willow plantation, total produced biomass after summer clipping still bottomed at about 50% of the level of control stools at the end of the experiment. In the older coppice, usual browsing levels by deer in summer, roughly corresponding to the moderate clipping intensities used in this experiment, did not influence total produced biomass. The newly established willow stools reacted to summer clipping by undercompensating in terms of biomass available for deer browsing, while older stools could overcompensate. Compared to stools clipped in late summer, willow stools clipped during early summer were able to compensate earlier and stronger. The higher the proportion of twig biomass removed by summer clipping, the lower the compensatory growth by willow. Depending on the circumstances, the fast-growing willows responded within the whole continuum from under- to overcompensation, and some implications for the management of willow plantations and large herbivores are discussed.