Relationship between weight loss and regular dental management of older adults residing in long-term care facilities: A one-year multicenter longitudinal study
Relationship between weight loss and regular dental management of older adults residing in long-term care facilities: A one-year multicenter longitudinal study
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长期护理机构中老年人的减肥与定期牙科管理之间的关系：一项为期一年的多中心纵向研究
DOI：
10.1007/s41999-021-00576-3
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Yamazaki Y.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sunakawa S;Tsugayasu H;Watanabe Y;Matsushima T;Ohara Y;Iwasaki M;Shirobe M;Ito K;Nakajima J;Iwasa Y;Itoda M;Sasaki R;Nishi Y;Furuya J;Watanabe Y;Ishiguro Y;Hirano H;Sato Y;Yoshida M;Yamazaki Y.
目的本研究旨在确定在长期护理机构的老年人中，牙医家访和牙科保健师定期口腔卫生管理（regular dental management: RDM）与体重减轻之间的关系。方法2018年和2019年，来自日本26家长期护理机构的468名老年居民参加了两次调查。在基线调查中，参与者根据饮食分为两组（正常饮食，n= 256；吞咽困难饮食，n= 212）。正常饮食的参与者进一步分为1年内体重减轻≥5%的人（减肥组：n= 77）和体重减轻< 5%的人（体重不变组：n= 179）。解释变量包括年龄、性别、基线体重、Barthel指数和临床痴呆评分，以及患者的肺炎、中风、糖尿病和抑郁症病史（据报道与体重有关）。此外，还进行了具有稳健标准误差的泊松回归来分析解释变量，即研究期间注意到的RDM患病率和功能牙齿（似乎影响体重减轻）。结果多因素分析显示，老年居民无RDM、临床痴呆评估、肺炎史（患病率比0.35,95%可信区间0.24 ~ 0.95）与正常饮食后体重下降有显著相关性。结论体重减轻与RDM之间存在一定的相关性。在常规饮食的老年居民的早期护理中加入rdm可能会抑制体重减轻。
PurposeThis study aimed to determine the association between home visits by a dentist and regular oral hygiene management by a dental hygienist (regular dental management: RDM) and weight loss among older adults in long-term care facilities.MethodsA total of 468 older residents from 26 Japanese long-term care facilities participated in two surveys in 2018 and 2019. Participants were divided into two groups based on their diet during the baseline survey (regular diet,n= 256; dysphagia diet,n= 212). Participants with a regular diet were further divided into those who exhibited a weight loss ≥ 5% over 1 year (weight loss group:n= 77) and those with a weight loss < 5% (consistent weight group:n= 179). The explanatory variables were age, sex, baseline weight, Barthel index, and clinical dementia rating, as well as the patients’ medical history of pneumonia, stroke, diabetes, and depression (which is reportedly associated with weight). Additionally, a Poisson regression with robust standard error, was carried out to analyze the explanatory variables, namely the prevalence of RDM noted during the study and functional teeth (which seemed to affect weight loss).ResultsA multivariate analysis revealed that older residents’ lack of RDM, clinical dementia assessment, and their history of pneumonia (prevalence rate ratio: 0.35, 95% confidence interval 0.24–0.95) were all significantly associated with weight loss when on a regular diet.ConclusionThus, weight loss and RDM were related to each other. Weight loss may be suppressed by incorporating RDMs during the early nursing care for older residents on regular diets.