The status of HIV testing and counseling in Kenya: results from a nationally representative population-based survey.
The status of HIV testing and counseling in Kenya: results from a nationally representative population-based survey.
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DOI：
10.1097/qai.0000000000000102
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发表时间：
2014-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
KAIS Study Group
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ng'ang'a A;Waruiru W;Ngare C;Ssempijja V;Gachuki T;Njoroge I;Oluoch P;Kimanga DO;Maina WK;Mpazanje R;Kim AA;KAIS Study Group
艾滋病毒检测和咨询（HTC）是成功的艾滋病毒预防和治疗计划的关键。国家的目标是让80%的肯尼亚成年人接受治疗。为了评估该国不断变化的艾滋病毒预防和治疗需求，需要基于人口的数据来衡量实现艾滋病毒感染率目标的进展情况。2012 - 2013年，我们在18个月至64岁的肯尼亚人中进行了全国艾滋病毒调查。年龄在15 - 64岁之间的受访者接受了一份问卷调查，收集了有关人口统计学，HIV检测行为和自我报告的HIV状态的信息。在中心实验室采集血液样本进行HIV检测。参与者被提供以家庭为基础的检测和咨询，以了解他们在家中的艾滋病毒状况，如果他们检测出艾滋病毒呈阳性，则进行护理点CD4检测。在接受采访的13，720名成年人中，71.6%[95%置信区间（CI）：70.2至73.1]接受了艾滋病毒检测。其中，56.1%（95%CI：52.8至59.4）在过去一年中进行了测试，69.4%（95%CI：68.0至70.8）进行了多次测试，37.2%（95%CI：35.7至38.8）与伴侣一起进行了测试。53%（95%CI：47.6至58.7）的艾滋病毒感染者不知道自己的感染。总体上，9874（72.0%）的参与者接受了以家庭为基础的艾滋病毒检测和咨询; 4.1%（95% CI：3.3至4.9）检测出艾滋病毒阳性，其中，42.5%（95% CI：31.4至53.6）需要立即治疗艾滋病毒感染，但没有得到它。然而，艾滋病毒感染者对艾滋病毒状况的了解仍然很少。需要扩大艾滋病毒检测服务，以覆盖更多的男子和夫妇，并需要制定战略，增加对有感染艾滋病毒风险的人的重复检测。
HIV testing and counseling (HTC) is essential for successful HIV prevention and treatment programs. The national target for HTC is 80% of the adult population in Kenya. Population-based data to measure progress towards this HTC target are needed to assess the country’s changing needs for HIV prevention and treatment. In 2012–2013, we conducted a national HIV survey among Kenyans aged 18 months to 64 years. Respondents aged 15–64 years were administered a questionnaire that collected information on demographics, HIV testing behavior, and self-reported HIV status. Blood samples were collected for HIV testing in a central laboratory. Participants were offered home-based testing and counseling to learn their HIV status in the home and point-of-care CD4 testing if they tested HIV-positive. Of 13,720 adults who were interviewed, 71.6% [95% confidence interval (CI): 70.2 to 73.1] had been tested for HIV. Among those, 56.1% (95% CI: 52.8 to 59.4) had been tested in the past year, 69.4% (95% CI: 68.0 to 70.8) had been tested more than once, and 37.2% (95% CI: 35.7 to 38.8) had been tested with a partner. Fifty-three percent (95% CI: 47.6 to 58.7) of HIV-infected persons were unaware of their infection. Overall 9874 (72.0%) of participants accepted home-based HIV testing and counseling; 4.1% (95% CI: 3.3 to 4.9) tested HIV-positive, and of those, 42.5% (95% CI 31.4 to 53.6) were in need of immediate treatment for their HIV infection but not receiving it. HIV testing rates have nearly reached the national target for HTC in Kenya. However, knowledge of HIV status among HIV-infected persons remains low. HTC needs to be expanded to reach more men and couples, and strategies are needed to increase repeat testing for persons at risk for HIV infection.