Vrn-D4 is a vernalization gene located on the centromeric region of chromosome 5D in hexaploid wheat
Vrn-D4 is a vernalization gene located on the centromeric region of chromosome 5D in hexaploid wheat
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DOI：
10.1007/s00122-009-1174-3
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发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Tetsuya Yoshida;H. Nishida;Jie Zhu;Rebecca Nitcher;A. Distelfeld;Y. Akashi;Kenji Kato;J. Dubcovsky
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Tetsuya Yoshida;H. Nishida;Jie Zhu;Rebecca Nitcher;A. Distelfeld;Y. Akashi;Kenji Kato;J. Dubcovsky
小麦长时间低温胁迫加速开花（春化）所需基因的自然变异主要受vrn -1、Vrn-2、Vrn-3和vrn -4基因座控制。前三个基因座已被很好地表征，但关于vrn -4的信息有限。到目前为止，vrn -4的自然变异仅在D基因组（Vrn-D4）中检测到，该基因的遗传库在Triple Dirk（下文简称TDF）中可用。我们在不同的TDF种群中发现了vrn -1等位基因的异质性，这可能解释了先前研究之间的不一致性。将携带隐性evn - a1、vrn-B1和vrn- d1等位基因的日本TDF种源与3个不同的冬季栽培品种杂交，得到f2定位群体。这3个群体的花期变异主要由一个位点Vrn-D4控制，该位点位于5D染色体着丝粒区，位于sxcfd78和xbarc205标记的1.8 cM范围内。以vrn - d4等位基因和春化为因子，对抽穗时间进行因子方差分析，结果显示显著的交互作用（P< 0.0001），证实vrn - d4对开花时间的影响受春化调节。结果表明，vrn - b1、Vrn-D1和vrn - d4对春化的残余响应较小，但vrn - d4对短春化期的响应不同。本文提出的vrn - d4的精确定位和表征是该基因定位克隆的第一步。
Natural variation in wheat requirement of long exposures to cold temperatures to accelerate flowering (vernalization) is mainly controlled by theVrn-1,Vrn-2,Vrn-3, andVrn-4loci. The first three loci have been well characterized, but limited information is available forVrn-4. So far, natural variation forVrn-4has been detected only in the D genome (Vrn-D4), and genetic stocks for this gene are available in Triple Dirk (TDF, hereafter). We detected heterogeneity in theVrn-1alleles present in different TDF stocks, which may explain inconsistencies among previous studies. A correct TDF seed stock from Japan carrying recessivevrn-A1,vrn-B1, andvrn-D1alleles was crossed with three different winter cultivars to generate F2mapping populations. Most of the variation in flowering time in these three populations was controlled by a single locus,Vrn-D4, which was mapped within a 1.8 cM interval flanked by markersXcfd78andXbarc205in the centromeric region of chromosome 5D. A factorial ANOVA for heading time usingVrn-D4alleles and vernalization as factors showed a significant interaction (P< 0.0001), which confirmed that theVrn-D4effect on flowering time is modulated by vernalization. Comparison of the different Triple Dirk stocks revealed thatVrn-B1,Vrn-D1, andVrn-D4all have a small residual response to vernalization, butVrn-D4differs from the other two in its response to short vernalization periods. The precise mapping and characterization ofVrn-D4presented here represent a first step toward the positional cloning of this gene.