Differential effects of adulterated versus unadulterated forms of linoleic acid on cardiovascular health.
Differential effects of adulterated versus unadulterated forms of linoleic acid on cardiovascular health.
复制标题
DOI：
10.3736/jintegrmed2013002
复制
发表时间：
2013-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Acosta A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anton SD;Heekin K;Simkins C;Acosta A
根据经典的“饮食-心脏”假说，饱和脂肪和胆固醇的高饮食摄入量与多不饱和脂肪的低摄入量相结合，可以增加血清胆固醇水平，导致动脉粥样硬化斑块的发展，最终导致心血管疾病。最近，欧米茄6多不饱和脂肪酸，特别是亚油酸（LA）对心血管健康的有益健康影响受到质疑，一些科学家建议在西方国家减少LA的消费。这篇评论的重点是围绕膳食摄入LA对心血管健康影响的争议。具体来说，我们严格审查的影响，无论是纯和掺假形式的LA对心血管健康结果的基础上，从流行病学研究和随机对照试验的结果。此外，我们还讨论了关于LA与花生四烯酸的关系、omega 6与omega 3脂肪酸的比例及其与炎症的关系的饮食摄入的常见问题。我们的评论表明，纯LA形式具有心脏保护作用，应作为健康饮食的一部分食用。相反，现在有大量证据表明，掺假形式的LA，主要是氢化植物油，是致动脉粥样硬化的，不应该被认为是健康饮食的一部分。掺杂天然欧米茄6脂肪酸LA的能力导致了关于这种脂肪酸对心血管健康影响的混合发现。因此，在得出关于这种脂肪酸的生理作用的结论时，考虑LA的来源是至关重要的。本综述的结果与美国心脏协会目前的饮食建议一致。
According to the classic “diet-heart” hypothesis, high dietary intake of saturated fats and cholesterol combined with low intake of polyunsaturated fats can increase levels of serum cholesterol and lead to the development of atherogenic plaques and ultimately cardiovascular disease. Recently, the beneficial health effects of omega 6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly linoleic acid (LA), on cardiovascular health have been called into question with some scientists suggesting that consumption of LA should be reduced in Westernized countries. The focus of this critical review is on the controversy surrounding the effects of dietary intake of LA on cardiovascular health. Specifically, we critically examine the effects of both unadulterated and adulterated forms of LA on cardiovascular health outcomes based on findings from epidemiological studies and randomized controlled trials. Additionally, we address common concerns surrounding dietary intake of LA regarding its relationship with arachidonic acid, the ratio of omega 6 to omega 3 fatty acids, and its relationship with inflammation. Our critical review indicates that unadulterated forms of LA are cardio-protective and should be consumed as part of a healthy diet. In contrast, abundant evidence now indicates that adulterated forms of LA, predominantly hydrogenated vegetable oils, are atherogenic and should not be considered part of a healthy diet. The ability to adulterate the natural omega 6 fatty acid, LA, has contributed to mixed findings regarding the effects of this fatty acid on cardiovascular health. Thus, it is critical that the source of LA be taken into account when drawing conclusions about the physiological effects of this fatty acid. The findings of the present review are in line with current dietary recommendations of the American Heart Association.