Effects of dose and adaptation time of a specific blend of essential oil compounds on rumen fermentation
Effects of dose and adaptation time of a specific blend of essential oil compounds on rumen fermentation
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DOI：
10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2006.03.023
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发表时间：
2007-01-15
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Losa, R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Castillejos, L.;Calsamiglia, S.;Losa, R.
精油可作为动物饲料的天然添加剂。本研究评估了三种不同剂量和不同适应时间的特定精油混合物（BEO）对瘤胃微生物发酵的影响。采用8个双流连续培养发酵罐（1320ml），分两期（每期9 d）研究BEO添加剂量的影响。处理分别为：CTR（无BEO）、D5 （5 mg/l BEO）、D50 （50 mg/l BEO）和D500 （500 mg/l BEO）。最后3 d，分别于晨饲后0、2、4和6 h采集样品，测定大肽（LPep）、小肽加氨基酸（SPep + AA）和氨氮浓度，并于晨饲后2 h测定挥发性脂肪酸（VFA）浓度和分布。与CTR相比，D5提高了总VEA浓度、乙酸比和乙酸丙酸比，降低了丙酸和戊酸比。与CTR相比，D5的LPep N浓度有降低的趋势（P=0.08）。试验2选用8只绵羊，研究瘤胃液长期适应BEO对瘤胃发酵的影响。随机选择4只羊进行CTR处理（无BEO）， 4只羊适应BEO (110 mg/d BEO)，持续4周（ADBEO）。4周后，在晨饲后0和3 h以及连续2天使用口-瘤胃探针采集瘤胃液样本。分析样品LPep、SPep + AA和氨氮浓度、总VFA和单个VFA、ph值。与CTR相比，ADBEO处理有提高乙酸比例、降低戊酸比例的趋势（P < 0.10）。采用CTR羊和ADBEO羊分别采集瘤胃液，研究豆粕、玉米粉、苜蓿干草和黑麦草干草的体外发酵特性。处理方法为：对照液（CTR不含BEO）、CTR液加单剂量BEO （11mg /l; CTR + BEO）和ADBEO液加单剂量BEO （11mg /l; ADBEO + BEO）。与CTR液相比，ADBEO + BEO液的乙酸比、乙酸丙酸比、丙酸异戊酸比、BCVFA和氨氮浓度均较低。添加精油可以通过提高乙酸丙酸比和抑制脱胺作用来改变瘤胃微生物的发酵。(c) 2006 Elsevier B.V.版权所有
Essential oils can be used as natural additives in animal feeds. The present study evaluated the effects of three different doses and different adaptation times of a specific blend of essential oils (BEO) on rumen microbial fermentation. Eight dual flow continuous culture fermenters (1320ml) were used in two periods of 9 days each to study the effects of increasing doses of BEO. Treatments were: CTR (no BEO), D5 (5 mg/l of BEO), D50 (50 mg/l of BEO) and D500 (500 mg/l of BEO). During the last 3 days, samples were taken at 0, 2, 4 and 6 h after the morning feeding and analyzed for large peptide (LPep), small peptides plus amino acid (SPep + AA) and ammonia N concentrations, and at 2 h after feeding for volatile fatty acids (VFA) concentration and profile. The D5 increased total VEA concentration, acetate proportion and acetate to propionate ratio, and decreased propionate and valerate proportion, compared with CTR. The concentration of LPep N tended (P=0.08) to be lower for D5 compared with CTR. In the second experiment, eight sheep were used to study the effects of long-term adaptation of rumen fluid to BEO on ruminal fermentation. Four sheep were assigned at random to the CTR treatment (no BEO) and four sheep were adapted to BEO (110 mg/day of BEO) for 4 weeks (ADBEO). After 4 weeks samples of ruminal fluid were obtained at 0 and 3 h after the morning feeding and in 2 consecutive days using an oro-ruminal probe. Samples were analyzed for LPep, SPep + AA and ammonia N concentrations, total and individual VFA, and pH. Treatment ADBEO tended (P < 0.10) to increase acetate proportion and decrease valerate proportion, compared with CTR. Ruminal fluid collected front each of CTR and ADBEO sheep was used to study in vitro fermentation profile of soybean meal, corn meal, alfalfa hay and ryegrass hay. Treatments were: Control fluid (CTR without BEO), CTR fluid plus a single dose of BEO (11 mg/l; CTR + BEO) and ADBEO fluid plus a single dose of BEO (11 mg/l; ADBEO + BEO). Acetate proportion and acetate to propionate ratio was higher, and propionate and isovalerate proportion, and BCVFA and ammonia N concentration were lower in ADBEO + BEO fluid compared with CTR fluid. The addition of essential oils can shift the microbial fermentation in the rumen by increasing the acetate to propionate ratio and inhibiting deamination. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.