Deregulations of RNA Pol II Subunits in Cancer
Deregulations of RNA Pol II Subunits in Cancer
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DOI：
10.3390/applbiosci2030029
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发表时间：
2023-08
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Martina Mustè Sadurnì;Marco Saponaro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Martina Mustè Sadurnì;Marco Saponaro
转录失调是癌细胞的一个众所周知的特征，差异表达的基因是几种癌症的共同特征。通常，转录失调是转录因子（TF）改变的结果，转录因子在基因表达中起着至关重要的作用，可以作为肿瘤抑制因子或原癌基因。在真核生物中，转录由三种不同的RNA聚合酶复合物进行：Pol I、Pol II和Pol III。Pol II，特别是，负责转录信使RNA（mRNA），基因组的蛋白质编码部分，以及长非编码RNA（lncRNA）。虽然有相当多的研究在癌症发展中的特定失调的转录因子的影响，有一个缺乏的研究集中在RNA聚合酶复合物及其亚基内的缺陷。这篇综述旨在阐明Pol II复合物，并强调其亚基的失调对肿瘤的发展，预后和生存有重大影响。通过提供一个全面的概述，我们目前的理解Pol II亚基在癌症中，这篇评论强调了在这一领域进一步研究的重要性。这表明，探索这些亚基的失调可能会导致有价值的生物标志物和潜在的治疗靶点的鉴定，使其成为集体感兴趣的话题。
Deregulated transcription is a well-known characteristic of cancer cells, with differentially expressed genes being a common feature of several cancers. Often, deregulated transcription is a consequence of alterations in transcription factors (TFs), which play a crucial role in gene expression and can act as tumour suppressors or proto-oncogenes. In eukaryotic organisms, transcription is carried out by three distinct RNA polymerase complexes: Pol I, Pol II, and Pol III. Pol II, specifically, is responsible for transcribing messenger RNA (mRNA), the protein coding part of the genome, as well as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). While there is considerable research on the impact of specific deregulated transcription factors in cancer development, there is a lack of studies focusing on defects within the RNA polymerase complexes and their subunits. This review aims to shed light in particular on the Pol II complex and highlight the deregulation of its subunits that have a significant impact on tumour development, prognosis, and survival. By providing a comprehensive overview of our current understanding of Pol II subunits in cancer, this review emphasizes the importance of further research in this area. It suggests that exploring these subunits’ deregulations could lead to the identification of valuable biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets, making it a topic of collective interest.