What is the 'true' function of skin?
What is the 'true' function of skin?
复制标题
DOI：
10.1034/j.1600-0625.2002.00112.x
复制
发表时间：
2002-04
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
C. Chuong;Nickoloff Bj;P. Elias;Lowell A. Goldsmith;E. Macher;Maderson Pa;J. P. Sundberg;Hachiro T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Chuong;Nickoloff Bj;P. Elias;Lowell A. Goldsmith;E. Macher;Maderson Pa;J. P. Sundberg;Hachiro T
传统的教科书观点将皮肤描述为一种器官，它实际上包裹着我们每个人所代表的或多或少具有功能的哺乳动物个体成员，并且认为皮肤主要建立、控制和传递与外部世界的联系。此外，人们早已认识到皮肤可以保护有机体免受有害环境影响（物理、化学、微生物），并且众所周知对于维持温度、电解质和体液平衡至关重要。现在，越来越多的研究表明，皮肤也作为一个巨大且高度活跃的生物工厂，用于合成、加工和/或代谢一系列令人震惊的物质，例如：结构蛋白、聚糖、脂质和信号分子。此外，人们越来越认识到皮肤是免疫、神经和内分泌系统的一个组成部分，这些系统之间在皮内建立了许多串扰线(例如Ann NY Acad Sci Vol 885，1999；Endocrine Rev 21：457-487，2000；Physiol Rev 80：980-1020，2001；Exp)。皮肤素 10：349-367， 2001）。所有这些新兴的皮肤功能超越了皮肤作为屏障和感觉器官的经典形象，与临床皮肤病学、皮肤病理学和皮肤药理学迄今为止仍在努力解决的许多难题直接相关，并为执业皮肤科医生提供了有吸引力的治疗干预新目标。然而，许多皮肤功能甚至没有在皮肤病学教科书中提及，有待系统的治疗目标。根据恩诺·克里斯托弗斯的建议，当前的“争议”专题汇集了异常多元化的生物学家和临床医生委员会，他们与读者分享他们发人深省的观点，让我们能够窥探皮肤生物学研究的未来，尤其是通过提醒我们经常被忽视的我们最喜欢的器官的进化和胚胎起源。希望这种独特的讨论功能将促进人们对“真实”皮肤功能的理解，比该主题的传统教学更全面、更深刻，并将激发对全方位皮肤功能的不仅仅是“表面深层”的思考。
Conventional textbook wisdom portrays the skin as an organ that literally enwraps whatever each of us stands for as a more or less functional, individual member of the mammalian species, and has it that the skin primarily establishes, controls and transmits contacts with the external world. In addition, the skin has long been recognized to protect the organism from deleterious environmental impacts (physical, chemical,microbiological), and is well-known as crucial for the maintenance of temperature, electrolyte and fluid balance. Now, ever more studies are being published that show the skin to also operate as a huge and highly active biofactory for the synthesis,processing and/or metabolism of an astounding range of e.g. structural proteins, glycans, lipids and signaling molecules. Increasingly, it becomes appreciated that the skin, furthermore, is an integral component of the immune, nervous and endocrine systems, with numerous lines of cross-talk between these systems established intracutaneously (e.g. Ann NY Acad Sci Vol 885, 1999; Endocrine Rev 21:457-487, 2000; Physiol Rev 80:980-1020, 2001; Exp Dermatol 10: 349-367, 2001). All these emerging cutaneous functions beyond the classical image of the skin as a barrier and sensory organ are immediately relevant for many of the quandaries that clinical dermatology, dermatopathology, and dermatopharmacology are still struggling with to-date, and offer the practising dermatologist attractive new targets for therapeutic intervention. Yet, many of these skin functions are not even mentioned in dermatology textbooks and await systematic therapeutic targeting. Following a suggestion by Enno Christophers, the current 'Controversies' feature brings together an unusually diverse council of biologists and clinicians, who share their thought-provoking views with the readers and allow us to peek into the future of research in cutaneous biology, not the least by reminding us of the -- often ignored -- evolutionary and embryonal origins of our favorite organ. Hopefully, this unique discussion feature will foster an understanding of the 'true' skin functions that is both more comprehensive and more profound than conventional teaching on this topic, and will stimulate more than 'skin-deep' reflections on the full range of skin functions.