RAPID EVOLUTION IN RESPONSE TO HIGH-TEMPERATURE SELECTION
RAPID EVOLUTION IN RESPONSE TO HIGH-TEMPERATURE SELECTION
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DOI：
10.1038/346079a0
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发表时间：
1990-07-05
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
LENSKI, RE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BENNETT, AF;DAO, KM;LENSKI, RE
温度是影响所有生物体1、2的重要环境因素，来自比较生理学的充分证据表明，物种1、3、甚至同种种群4、5可以在遗传上适应不同的温度制度。但这些适应对它们适合度和进化速度的影响尚不清楚，它们在多大程度上依赖于先前存在的基因变异，而不是新的突变，也是未知的。我们已经开始研究大肠杆菌对不同温度制度的进化适应，利用这种细菌物种6-10的大种群规模和较短的世代时间。我们报告说，在200代(约一个月)保持在42℃的品系中，温度特有适合度有了显著的改善。这些适应能力的变化是由于新的选择，并表明一些生物系统可以快速进化，以响应环境因素的变化，如温度。
TEMPERATURE is an important environmental factor affecting all organisms1,2, and there is ample evidence from comparative physiology that species1,3and even conspecific populations4,5can adapt genetically to different temperature regimes. But the effect of these adaptations on fitness and the rapidity of their evolution is unknown, as is the extent to which they depend on pre-existing genetic variation rather than new mutations. We have begun a study of the evolutionary adaptation ofEscherichia colito different temperature regimes, taking advantage of the large population sizes and short generation times in experiments on this bacterial species6–10. We report significant improvement in temperature-specific fitness of lines maintained at 42°C for 200 generations (about one month). These changes in fitness are due to selection onde novomutations and show that some biological systems can evolve rapidly in response to changes in environmental factors such as temperature.