Behavioral and olfactory responses of grasshopper hatchlings,Melanoplus sanguinipes, to plant odours and volatile compounds
Behavioral and olfactory responses of grasshopper hatchlings,Melanoplus sanguinipes, to plant odours and volatile compounds
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DOI：
10.1360/03wc0274
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发表时间：
2004-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
L. Kang;T. L. Hopkins
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Kang;T. L. Hopkins
用玻璃Y管嗅觉仪和EAG触角电位技术分别测试了中华斑潜蝇Melanoplus sanguinipe(F.)幼虫对植物叶片气味和挥发性化合物的行为和嗅觉反应。在单项选择试验中，新孵化的漏斗对黑麦草和小麦的完整叶片和切碎的叶子的气味比其他植物更敏感。切碎的高粱叶片，但没有切碎的高粱，也具有显著的吸引力。蝗虫幼虫对这些植物的定向反应与末龄飞虱和成虫的定向反应高度一致。以多花黑麦草为对照时，切茎紫花苜蓿的气味更诱人。高粱、紫花苜蓿、小麦和黑麦草的苗木对气味的漏斗定向反应没有显著差异。然而，明显更多的跳虫喜欢切碎的黑麦草防治，而不是切碎的路易斯安娜鼠尾草。对一龄虫对这些植物气味的EAG反应的测量表明，路易斯安娜鼠尾草的气味引起的反应幅度最大。在不同挥发性成分的嗅觉测试中，Z-3-己烯醇、E-3-己烯醇、乙酸Z-己烯-3-烯酯、E-2-己烯醛和己烯醛对EAG的嗅觉反应比香叶醇和1-辛烯-3-醇更大。这些结果也与成年人的可比数据一致。初孵化的蝗虫对植物材料和化学物质的EAG反应谱与成虫相似，但幼虫的EAG绝对值远低于成虫。因此，新孵化的飞虱能够区分植物和空气控制，甚至寄主植物和非寄主植物，并且飞虱的取食经验可能对它们后来作为成虫识别和定位食物植物的能力几乎没有影响。
Behavior and olfactory responses of grasshopper hatchlings,Melanoplus sanguinipes (F.), to odours from plant foliage and volatile compounds were tested using a glass Y-tube olfactometer and electroantennogram (EAG) techniques respectively. In single choice trials, newly hatched hoppers were much more sensitive to the odour from intact leaves and chopped foliage of ryegrass and wheat than other plants. Chopped sorghum leaves, but not stem-cut sorghum, were also significantly attractive. The orientation responses of grasshopper hatchlings to these plants were highly consistent with those of last instar hoppers and adults. When ryegrass was employed as the control, the odour from stem-cut alfalfa was more attractive. There was no significant difference in hopper orientation responses to the odours from chopped seedlings of sorghum, alfalfa, wheat or ryegrass. However, significantly more hoppers preferred the chopped ryegrass control to chopped Louisanna sage. Measurement of the EAG response of first instar hoppers to these plant odours showed that the odour of Louisanna sage elicited the greatest response amplitudes. In olfactory tests using different volatile components, Z-3-hexenol, E-3-hexenol, Z-hex-3-enyl acetate, E-2-hexenal and hexenal gave greater EAG responses than geraniol and 1-octen-3-ol. These results are also consistent with comparable data from adults. Newly hatched grasshoppers had similar EAG response profiles to plant materials and chemicals to those of adults, although the absolute EAG values of young hoppers were much lower than those of adults. Therefore, newly hatched hoppers were able to distinguish plants from an air control, and even host plants from non-host plants, and the feeding experience of hoppers probably has little influence on their subsequent ability as adults to identify and locate food plants.