Severe anaphylactic reactions outside hospital: etiology, symptoms and treatment
Severe anaphylactic reactions outside hospital: etiology, symptoms and treatment
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院外严重过敏反应：病因、症状和治疗
DOI：
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发表时间：
1988
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
S. Harboe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Söreide;T. Buxrud;S. Harboe
在5年的时间里，27名严重过敏反应的患者接受了两架麻醉师配备的救护车直升机的治疗。所有患者都有呼吸和/或循环衰竭的迹象。70%的患者出现皮肤症状，30%的患者出现胃肠道症状，85%的患者出现中枢神经症状。黄蜂叮咬和药物是最常见的原因。其他原因还有蜜蜂叮咬、蛇咬伤、坚果和运动。所有患者都得到了先进的院前医疗服务。78%的患者使用了肾上腺素。静脉注射。77%的患者开始了液体治疗。3例(11%)需要气管插管。两名患者从出现症状到就医的时间跨度超过45分钟，均死亡。在幸存的患者中，有23人住院治疗。大多数人在到达急诊室时没有呼吸或循环衰竭的迹象，只需要在医院观察。
Twenty–seven patients with severe anaphylactic reactions were treated by two anesthesiologist–staffed ambulance helicopters during a 5–year period. All patients had signs of respiratory and/or circulatory failure. Cutaneous symptoms were described in 70% of the patients, gastrointestinal symptoms in 30% and central nervous symptoms in 85%. Wasp sting and drugs were the most common causes. Other etiologies were bee sting, snakebite, nuts and exercise. All patients were provided with advanced pre–hospital medical care. Epinephrine was employed in 78% of the patients. I.v. fluid therapy was started in 77%. Three patients (11%) needed endotracheal intubation. The time–span from onset of symptoms to medical attendance exceeded 45 min in two patients; both died. Of the surviving patients, 23 were hospitalized. The majority had no signs of respiratory or circulatory failure on arrival in the emergency room and needed only observation in the hospital.