Multilevel analysis of women's empowerment and HIV prevention: Quantitative survey results from a preliminary study in Botswana
Multilevel analysis of women's empowerment and HIV prevention: Quantitative survey results from a preliminary study in Botswana
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DOI：
10.1023/a:1023954526639
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发表时间：
2003-06-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Koopman, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Greig, FE;Koopman, C
这项初步研究探讨了在国家和个人两级赋予妇女权力与预防艾滋病毒之间的关系，重点是博茨瓦纳。在撒哈拉以南非洲国家，艾滋病毒流行率与妇女教育方面的赋权间接指标呈正相关（中学女生入学率和中学女生与男生的比例），但与其经济状况无关（妇女在工业和服务业有偿就业中所占比例）或政治地位（妇女在国家议会中的席位份额），同时控制国民总收入、接生百分比和铺设道路的百分比。最后一次性行为时使用安全套与妇女教育赋权的两个指标呈正相关，但与其他两个指标无显著相关。通过2001年2月对博茨瓦纳哈博罗内71名性活跃妇女进行的初步定量调查，探讨了在个人一级赋予权力的问题。回归分析表明，妇女的谈判能力和经济独立是与安全套使用关系最密切的因素，但并未表明教育是一个关键因素。经济独立是与谈判能力关系最密切的因素。这些结果表明，在博茨瓦纳，艾滋病毒预防工作可能需要提高妇女的谈判技能和参与创收活动的机会。
This preliminary study explored relationships between women's empowerment and HIV prevention on the national and individual level with a focus on Botswana. Among sub-Saharan Africa countries, HIV prevalence was positively correlated with indirect indicators of women's empowerment relating to their education (female enrollment in secondary education and ratio of female to male secondary school enrollment), but not to their economic status (female share of paid employment in industry and services) or political status (women's share of seats in national parliament), while controlling for gross national income, percentage of births attended, and percentage of roads paved. Condom use at last sexual encounter was positively and significantly correlated with both indicators of women's educational empowerment, but was not significantly related to the other two indices. Empowerment at the individual level was explored through a preliminary quantitative survey of 71 sexually active women in Gaborone, Botswana, that was conducted in February 2001. Regression analyses showed that women's negotiating power and economic independence were the factors most strongly related to condom use, and did not show that education was a crucial factor. Economic independence was the factor most strongly related to negotiating power. These results suggest that in Botswana, HIV prevention efforts may need to improve women's negotiating skills and access to income-generating activities.