Embryo Manipulation and Imprinting
Embryo Manipulation and Imprinting
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DOI：
10.1055/s-0032-1320013
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发表时间：
2012-08-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Feng, Huai L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Marchesi, Dennis E.;Qiao, Jie;Feng, Huai L.
随着辅助生殖技术（ART）的使用在全球范围内不断增加，保持ART中使用的技术的安全性仍然是最重要的。许多这些做法是这门学科所独有的;因此，很难评估潜在后代可能受到这种治疗的真正风险。在体外受精（IVF）周期中，从女性体内取出卵母细胞会增加常规细胞过程出错的机会。具体而言，表观遗传修饰和印迹疾病在一般人群中很少见;然而，尽管它们在试管婴儿中的发病率也很罕见，但与普遍发病率相比，它们在这一人群中的发病率仍然很高。最近的调查直接将其发生归因于使用ART和IVF来实现成功怀孕。本综述讨论了典型IVF周期的主要细胞操作，以评估潜在风险与报告的风险。这些操作包括植入前遗传学诊断和筛选、卵胞浆内单精子注射、卵浆移植、胚胎培养、体外成熟和冷冻保存。卵母细胞和胚胎处理是IVF过程中的一个微妙部分，并不断改进。还讨论了这些潜在改进的安全性。
As the use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) continues to rise worldwide, it remains of the upmost importance to maintain the safety of those techniques used in ART. Many of these practices are unique to this discipline; as such, it becomes difficult to assess the true risks that the potential offspring may be subjected to under this type of treatment. Removal of oocytes from a woman's body during an in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycle offers an increased opportunity for routine cellular processes to go awry. Specifically, epigenetic modifications and imprinting diseases are rare among the general population; however, although their incidence among IVF-conceived children is also rare, their frequency in this population remains elevated compared with universal rates. Recent investigations have directly attributed their occurrences to the use of ART and IVF to achieve a successful pregnancy. This review discusses the major cellular manipulations of a typical IVF cycle to assess the potential risks versus the reported risks. These manipulations include preimplantation genetic diagnosis and screening, intracytoplasmic sperm injection, ooplasmic transfer, embryo culture, in vitro maturation, and cryopreservation. Oocyte and embryo handling is a delicate part of the IVF process that continues to improve. The safety of those potential improvements is also discussed.