Characterizing the spontaneous collapse of a wavefunction through entropy production

Characterizing the spontaneous collapse of a wavefunction through entropy production
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通过熵产生表征波函数的自发塌缩

DOI:
10.1088/1367-2630/ad153a
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发表时间:
2023
影响因子:
3.3
通讯作者:
Artini S
Artini S
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Artini S

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从非平衡态热力学的角度研究了导致连续自发局域化(CSL)模型能量不守恒的现象学,并利用这种框架来评估该模型(dCSL)的耗散形式所包含的平衡过程.作为一个范例的情况下,目前解决的前沿实验,旨在调查可能的崩溃理论,我们认为一个一维的机械振荡器在热状态。我们在振荡器的相空间中进行分析,其中熵产生率,用于表征不可逆性的非平衡量,可以方便地分析。我们表明,CSL模型违反克劳修斯定律,因为它表现出负熵产生率,而dCSL模型达到平衡一致,只有在一定的动力学条件下,从而使我们能够确定的值-在参数空间中,后者的机制可以忠实地用来描述一个物理一致的现象。
We investigate the phenomenology leading to the non-conservation of energy of the continuous spontaneous localization (CSL) model from the viewpoint of non-equilibrium thermodynamics, and use such framework to assess the equilibration process entailed by the dissipative formulation of the model (dCSL). As a paradigmatic situation currently addressed in frontier experiments aimed at investigating possible collapse theories, we consider a one-dimensional mechanical oscillator in a thermal state. We perform our analysis in the phase space of the oscillator, where the entropy production rate, a non-equilibrium quantity used to characterize irreversibility, can be conveniently analyzed. We show that the CSL model violates Clausius law, as it exhibits a negative entropy production rate, while the dCSL model reaches equilibrium consistently only under certain dynamical conditions, thus allowing us to identify the values—in the parameter space—where the latter mechanism can be faithfully used to describe a thermodynamically consistent phenomenon.
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