Memory-based attention capture when multiple items are maintained in visual working memory.
Memory-based attention capture when multiple items are maintained in visual working memory.
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DOI：
10.1037/xhp0000230
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发表时间：
2016-07
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Beck VM
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文献类型：
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作者：
Hollingworth A;Beck VM
有效的视觉搜索要求注意力被策略性地引导到相关对象上，大多数视觉搜索理论都是通过视觉工作记忆中的目标模板来实现这一功能的。然而，目前有争议的架构VWM为基础的注意力引导。我们对比了一个单一的项目模板的假设与多项目模板的假设，不同的是，他们的索赔之间的相互作用VWM表征和知觉选择的结构限制。最近的证据表明，基于记忆的捕获在搜索过程中的一个指标VWM的指导，没有观察到当记忆集的大小增加超过一个项目，这表明，多个项目的VWM不引导注意。在本研究中，我们最大化了VWM中保存的多种颜色与搜索数组中干扰项颜色之间的重叠。当两种颜色被保持在VWM中并且两种颜色都作为干扰物存在时，使用原始的货车Moorselaar等人的单顿号形状搜索任务和需要对阵列元素（轮廓正方形刺激中的间隙位置）的焦点注意的搜索任务，观察到可靠的捕获。在后一项任务中，基于记忆的捕获与多个VWM表征对注意力的同时引导是一致的。
Efficient visual search requires that attention is guided strategically to relevant objects, and most theories of visual search implement this function by means of a target template maintained in visual working memory (VWM). However, there is currently debate over the architecture of VWM-based attentional guidance. We contrasted a single-item-template hypothesis with a multiple-item-template hypothesis, which differ in their claims about structural limits on the interaction between VWM representations and perceptual selection. Recent evidence from indicated that memory-based capture during search—an index of VWM guidance—is not observed when memory set size is increased beyond a single item, suggesting that multiple items in VWM do not guide attention. In the present study, we maximized the overlap between multiple colors held in VWM and the colors of distractors in a search array. Reliable capture was observed when two colors were held in VWM and both colors were present as distractors, using both the original van Moorselaar et al. singleton-shape search task and a search task that required focal attention to array elements (gap location in outline square stimuli). In the latter task, memory-based capture was consistent with the simultaneous guidance of attention by multiple VWM representations.