Injection anaesthesia with fentanyl-midazolam-medetomidine in adult female mice: importance of antagonization and perioperative care
Injection anaesthesia with fentanyl-midazolam-medetomidine in adult female mice: importance of antagonization and perioperative care
复制标题
DOI：
10.1177/0023677216631458
复制
发表时间：
2016-08-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Cesarovic, Nikola
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fleischmann, Thea;Jirkof, Paulin;Cesarovic, Nikola
注射麻醉通常用于实验室小鼠;然而，缺点是麻醉后恢复期长。在这里，我们研究了通过纳洛酮-氟马西尼-阿替美唑的去乙酰化缩短芬太尼-咪达唑仑-美托咪定注射麻醉后恢复期的可能性。为了监测副作用，在50分钟麻醉期间评估麻醉深度、心率（HR）、核心体温（BT）和血气浓度以及反射反应。允许小鼠在其饲养笼中从麻醉中恢复（有或没有麻醉），同时记录HR、核心BT和自发饲养笼行为24小时。腹腔注射芬太尼-咪达唑仑-美托咪定后，小鼠在330 +/-47 s时失去翻正反射。麻醉期间，HR平均为225 +/- 23次/min，呼吸频率和核心BT达到稳态，分别为131 +/- 15次/min和34.3 +/- 0.25？，分别积极的足缩反射，由夹尾和夹趾触发的运动，仍然分别发生在25%、31.2%和100%的动物中。动脉血气分析显示酸中毒、缺氧、高碳酸血症和葡萄糖浓度显著升高。通过注射纳洛酮-氟马西尼-阿替美唑逆转麻醉后，动物在110 +/-18秒后恢复意识，并迅速恢复到生理基线值，但它们表现出运动水平降低和昼夜节律紊乱。在不进行热处理的情况下，小鼠表现出明显的体温过低（22 +/- 1.9？）和心动过缓（119 +/-69次/分）持续数小时。芬太尼-咪达唑仑-美托咪定在小鼠中提供可靠的麻醉，具有合理的麻醉内副作用。纳洛酮-氟马西尼-阿替美唑联合应用可显著减少麻醉后的时间和相关不良反应。
Injection anaesthesia is commonly used in laboratory mice; however, a disadvantage is that post-anaesthesia recovery phases are long. Here, we investigated the potential for shortening the recovery phase after injection anaesthesia with fentanyl-midazolam-medetomidine by antagonization with naloxone-flumazenil-atipamezole. In order to monitor side-effects, the depth of anaesthesia, heart rate (HR), core body temperature (BT) and concentration of blood gases, as well as reflex responses, were assessed during a 50min anaesthesia. Mice were allowed to recover from the anaesthesia in their home cages either with or without antagonization, while HR, core BT and spontaneous home cage behaviours were recorded for 24h. Mice lost righting reflex at 330 +/- 47s after intraperitoneal injection of fentanyl-midazolam-medetomidine. During anaesthesia, HR averaged 225 +/- 23 beats/min, respiratory rate and core BT reached steady state at 131 +/- 15 breaths/min and 34.3 +/- 0.25?, respectively. Positive pedal withdrawal reflex, movement triggered by tail pinch and by toe pinch, still occurred in 25%, 31.2% and 100% of animals, respectively. Arterial blood gas analysis revealed acidosis, hypoxia, hypercapnia and a marked increase in glucose concentration. After anaesthesia reversal by injection with naloxone-flumazenil-atipamezole, animals regained consciousness after 110 +/- 18s and swiftly returned to physiological baseline values, yet they displayed diminished levels of locomotion and disrupted circadian rhythm. Without antagonization, mice showed marked hypothermia (22 +/- 1.9?) and bradycardia (119 +/- 69 beats/min) for several hours. Fentanyl-midazolam-medetomidine provided reliable anaesthesia in mice with reasonable intra-anaesthetic side-effects. Post-anaesthetic period and related adverse effects were both reduced substantially by antagonization with naloxone-flumazenil-atipamezole.