Analysis of Energy Flow During Playground Surface Impacts
Analysis of Energy Flow During Playground Surface Impacts
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DOI：
10.1123/jab.29.5.628
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发表时间：
2013-10-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
McIntosh, Andrew S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Davidson, Peter L.;Wilson, Suzanne J.;McIntosh, Andrew S.
从儿童跌落到表面上消散或返回到儿童的能量的量将影响骨折风险，但在操场冲击衰减表面的现行标准中没有考虑。双质量流变学计算机模拟被用来模拟能量流在手腕和表面在手的影响与操场表面，这种方法的潜力，以提供洞察这种影响和预测受伤的风险检查。从典型的操场表面现场收集的加速度数据和先前从儿童进行自由落体运动的数据提供了输入。该模型确定了运动场表面和两个潜在有害表面特征之间的能量流特性差异：在橡胶表面上的冲击和反弹期间，手腕吸收的能量（在手腕上做的功）比在树皮上更多，当上肢仍在向下移动时，橡胶表面开始反弹（将能量返回手腕）。因此，能量流分析提供了关于运动场表面特征和撞击过程的信息，并有可能识别骨折风险，为更安全的撞击衰减表面的开发提供信息，并有助于开发新的基于能量的手臂骨折损伤标准和测试，以与当前方法结合使用。
The amount of energy dissipated away from or returned to a child falling onto a surface will influence fracture risk but is not considered in current standards for playground impact-attenuating surfaces. A two-mass rheological computer simulation was used to model energy flow within the wrist and surface during hand impact with playground surfaces, and the potential of this approach to provide insights into such impacts and predict injury risk examined. Acceleration data collected on-site from typical playground surfaces and previously obtained data from children performing an exercise involving freefalling with a fully extended arm provided input. The model identified differences in energy flow properties between playground surfaces and two potentially harmful surface characteristics: more energy was absorbed by (work done on) the wrist during both impact and rebound on rubber surfaces than on bark, and rubber surfaces started to rebound (return energy to the wrist) while the upper limb was still moving downward. Energy flow analysis thus provides information on playground surface characteristics and the impact process, and has the potential to identify fracture risks, inform the development of safer impact-attenuating surfaces, and contribute to development of new energy-based arm fracture injury criteria and tests for use in conjunction with current methods.