Entanglement-enhanced optomechanical sensing
Entanglement-enhanced optomechanical sensing
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DOI：
10.1038/s41566-023-01178-0
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发表时间：
2022-05
期刊：
影响因子：
35
通讯作者：
Yi Xia;Aman R. Agrawal;C. Pluchar;Anthony J. Brady;Zhenghao Liu;Quntao Zhuang;Dalziel J. Wilson;Zheshen Zhang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yi Xia;Aman R. Agrawal;C. Pluchar;Anthony J. Brady;Zhenghao Liu;Quntao Zhuang;Dalziel J. Wilson;Zheshen Zhang
光机械系统已被用于力、加速度和磁场的超灵敏测量。光机械传感的基本极限已经被广泛研究，现在已经得到很好的理解——玻色子光学和机械模式的内在不确定性，以及两者之间相互作用产生的反作用噪声，决定了标准量子极限。基于非经典探针、原位有质动力压缩光和反作用规避测量的先进技术已经开发出来，以克服单个光机械传感器的标准量子极限。另一种概念上更简单的增强光机械传感的方法依赖于多个传感器进行的联合测量。在这种配置中，尚未探索克服联合测量基本限制的途径。在这里，我们证明了使用多个光机械传感器上的纠缠探针进行的联合力测量可以提高热噪声主导区域中的带宽或散粒噪声主导区域中的灵敏度。此外，我们用灵敏度带宽积量化了纠缠探针的整体性能，并观察到与经典探针相比提高了 25%。所展示的纠缠增强型光机械传感器将为惯性导航、声学成像和新物理搜索提供新功能。
Optomechanical systems have been exploited in ultrasensitive measurements of force, acceleration and magnetic fields. The fundamental limits for optomechanical sensing have been extensively studied and now well understood—the intrinsic uncertainties of the bosonic optical and mechanical modes, together with backaction noise arising from interactions between the two, dictate the standard quantum limit. Advanced techniques based on non-classical probes, in situ ponderomotive squeezed light and backaction-evading measurements have been developed to overcome the standard quantum limit for individual optomechanical sensors. An alternative, conceptually simpler approach to enhance optomechanical sensing rests on joint measurements taken by multiple sensors. In this configuration, a pathway to overcome the fundamental limits in joint measurements has not been explored. Here we demonstrate that joint force measurements taken with entangled probes on multiple optomechanical sensors can improve the bandwidth in the thermal-noise-dominant regime or the sensitivity in the shot-noise-dominant regime. Moreover, we quantify the overall performance of entangled probes with the sensitivity–bandwidth product and observe a 25% increase compared with that of classical probes. The demonstrated entanglement-enhanced optomechanical sensors would enable new capabilities for inertial navigation, acoustic imaging and searches for new physics.