How is homeostatic plasticity important in epilepsy?
How is homeostatic plasticity important in epilepsy?
复制标题
稳态可塑性对于癫痫有何重要意义？
DOI：
10.1007/978-94-017-8914-1_10
复制
发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Rho
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Swann;J. Rho
通过稳态机制将生理变量维持在狭窄的操作范围内是大多数（如果不是全部）活细胞和生物体的基本特性。近年来，许多实验室的研究表明，神经元和神经回路的活动也受到稳态调节。在这里，我们尝试将一般的稳态概念，更具体地说是突触稳态可塑性，应用于癫痫的研究。我们假设稳态机制积极参与癫痫大脑。这些过程试图重建正常的神经元和网络活动，但受到癫痫发生背后的并发机制的反对。在顽固性癫痫中，癫痫发作非常频繁和剧烈，以至于稳态机制无法恢复神经元活动的正常水平。在这种情况下，我们认为稳态可塑性机制仍然活跃。然而，他们持续尝试重置神经元活动变得适应不良，并导致体内平衡失调，从而产生神经行为后果。使用发育中的海马体作为模型系统，我们简要回顾了实验结果，并提出了一系列论点，提出儿童癫痫的认知神经行为合并症至少部分是由不受控制的稳态机制造成的。
Maintaining physiological variables within narrow operating limits by homeostatic mechanisms is a fundamental property of most if not all living cells and organisms. In recent years, research from many laboratories has shown that the activity of neurons and neural circuits are also homeostatically regulated. Here, we attempt to apply concepts of homeostasis in general, and more specifically synaptic homeostatic plasticity, to the study of epilepsy. We hypothesize that homeostatic mechanisms are actively engaged in the epileptic brain. These processes attempt to re-establish normal neuronal and network activity, but are opposed by the concurrent mechanisms underlying epileptogenesis. In forms of intractable epilepsy, seizures are so frequent and intense that homeostatic mechanisms are unable to restore normal levels of neuronal activity. In such cases, we contend that homeostatic plasticity mechanisms nevertheless remain active. However, their continuing attempts to reset neuronal activity become maladaptive and results in dyshomeostasis with neurobehavioral consequences. Using the developing hippocampus as a model system, we briefly review experimental results and present a series of arguments to propose that the cognitive neurobehavioral comorbidities of childhood epilepsy result, at least in part, from unchecked homeostatic mechanisms.