Rapid shifts of sonar attention by Pipistrellus abramus during natural hunting for multiple prey
Rapid shifts of sonar attention by Pipistrellus abramus during natural hunting for multiple prey
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DOI：
10.1121/1.4898428
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发表时间：
2014-12-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Watanabe, Yoshiaki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fujioka, Emyo;Aihara, Ikkyu;Watanabe, Yoshiaki
飞行路径的回声定位的日本家蝙蝠，伏翼abramus，在昆虫狩猎在自然环境中使用32个麦克风阵列跟踪。阵列包围觅食区，定位每只蝙蝠，并确定声纳波束的方向目标。连续的拦截，由喂食“嗡嗡声”和嗡嗡声后的停顿表示，从20秒以上的间隔到2-3秒的间隔多次拦截。蝙蝠在盘旋弯曲的路径上飞行。转弯半径随着拦截率的增加而收紧，使蝙蝠保持在一个更小的区域内，捕获密度更高。广播波束在搜索过程中改变了方向，经常在飞行方向和另一个方向之间交替，片刻之后，下一次拦截就会发生。广播还在当前目标和下一个目标之间改变方向。蝙蝠通过交替的声学凝视在物体之间共享生物声纳注意力。在搜索过程中，大多数脉冲间隔（IPIs）为70-120毫秒，但蝙蝠穿插长IPIs高达200毫秒时，拦截率低，飞行路径遵循广泛的曲线。搜索路径的数学建模表明，偶尔长IPI的圆形飞行路径将比随机，相关随机或线性飞行更有效地搜索目标。(C)2014年美国声学学会。
Flight paths of echolocating Japanese house bats, Pipistrellus abramus, were tracked during insect hunting in a natural setting using a 32-microphone array. The array surrounded the foraging area, locating each bat, and determined the directional aim of the sonar beam. Successive interceptions, indicated by feeding "buzzes" and post-buzz pauses, occurred singly at intervals from over 20 s down to multiple interceptions at 2-3 s intervals. Bats flew on looping, curved paths. Turning radius tightened as rate of interceptions increased, keeping the bat in a smaller area of higher capture density. Broadcast beams shifted direction during search, often alternating between the direction of flight and another direction where, moments later, the next interception would occur. Broadcasts also shifted direction between the current target and the next target. Bats time-share biosonar attention between objects by alternating acoustic gaze. During search, most interpulse intervals (IPIs) were 70-120 ms, but bats interspersed long IPIs up to 200 ms when the rate of interception was low and flight paths followed broad curves. Mathematical modeling of search paths demonstrated that circular flight-paths with occasional long IPIs would be more effective for target search than either random, correlated random, or linear flights. (C) 2014 Acoustical Society of America.