The ‘local turn’ in historical perspective: two city case studies in Britain and Germany
The ‘local turn’ in historical perspective: two city case studies in Britain and Germany
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历史视角下的“地方转向”：英国和德国的两个城市案例研究
DOI：
10.1177/0020852315592466
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
S. Hackett
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Hackett
本文以泰恩河畔纽卡斯尔和不莱梅为例，从历史的角度探讨了移民与融合政策的"地方转向"。它借鉴了广泛的政府文件，并提供了一个比较评估两个城市的政策，从1960年代起。它通过探讨与国家一级有关的移徙者融合的地方治理，讨论了决策的纵向方面。虽然英国和德国的战后移民历史和政治结构往往被视为对比，本文揭示了在这些城市的政府的方法，以自己的地方多样化的社会趋同。这些案例研究质疑国家总体宪法结构对城市一级移徙政策的长期影响。调查结果框架内的地方治理和多级治理MLG的辩论。欧洲各城市在制定和执行其自身的移徙和融合政策方面所发挥的作用日益得到承认。然而，很少有人知道这种“地方转向”和多层次治理（MLG）之间的关系。从业人员可以更多地了解城市的决策过程，以及这些过程在多大程度上受到国家议程的影响，以及历史研究、跨国和跨城市性质的研究如何为正在进行的政策辩论提供信息。
This article addresses the ‘local turn’ of migration and integration policies in historical perspective in Newcastle upon Tyne and Bremen. It draws upon a wide range of government documentation and offers a comparative assessment of both cities’ policies from the 1960s onwards. It discusses the vertical dimension of policymaking though an exploration of the local governance of migrant integration in relation to the national level. Although Britain and Germany's post-war immigration histories and political structures have often been perceived as contrasting, this article reveals a convergence in these cities’ governments’ approaches to their own local diverse societies. These case studies question the long-term impact of overarching national constitutional structures on city-level migration policies. Findings are framed within the local governance and multi-level governance MLG debates. Points for practitioners European cities are increasingly being recognized for the role they play in devising and implementing their own migration and integration policies. Yet very little is known about the relationship between this ‘local turn’ and multi-level governance (MLG). Practitioners can learn more about cities’ policymaking processes and the extent to which these have been influenced by national agendas, as well as about how research of a historical and cross-country and cross-city nature can inform the on-going policy debate.