A landmark-based approach for assessing the reliability of mandibular tooth crowding as a marker of dog domestication
A landmark-based approach for assessing the reliability of mandibular tooth crowding as a marker of dog domestication
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jas.2017.06.014
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发表时间：
2017-09-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Dobney, Keith
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ameen, Carly;Hulme-Beaman, Ardern;Dobney, Keith
牙齿拥挤是动物考古学记录中用来推断驯化过程的几个标准之一。它主要被用来支持早期动物驯化的说法，也许最有争议的是早在旧石器时代中晚期就存在所谓的“原始家养”狗的说法。牙齿拥挤的研究方法各不相同，对结果数据的解释受到用于构建适当比较框架的参考样本的地理和时间范围的限制。为了解决这些关键问题，我们提出了一种标准化的基于里程碑的测量和量化下颌牙齿拥挤的方案，该方案可以系统地应用于狗的驯养研究。然后，我们通过检查来自现代犬类狼疮地理范围内的750只现代狗和205只现代狼，以及来自阿拉斯加的66只晚更新世狼来检验牙齿拥挤在古代和现代野狼种群中较少出现的假设。我们的结果表明，基于里程碑的度量标准为记录和分析牙齿拥挤提供了一种可靠的方法。虽然在我们的现代犬类数据集中发现的相对较低的牙齿拥挤频率(类似6%)在一定程度上反映了家养品种的“现代”形态，但现代狼(类似于18%)和古代狼(类似于36%)的较高拥挤频率强烈表明，目前将牙齿拥挤与早期驯化过程(至少在狗身上)联系起来的假设应该得到严格的重新评估，并且应该进一步调查这些发育模式背后的驱动因素。(C)2017年作者。爱思唯尔有限公司出版。
Tooth crowding is one of several criteria used to infer the process of domestication in the zooarchaeo-logical record. It has been primarily used to support claims of early animal domestication, perhaps most contentiously in claims for the existence of so-called "proto-domestic" dogs as early as the Middle-Upper Palaeolithic. Tooth crowding studies vary in their methodological approaches, and interpretation of the resulting data is constrained by the limited geographic and temporal scope of reference specimens used to construct an appropriate comparative framework. To address these key problems, we present a standardised landmark-based protocol for the measurement and quantification of mandibular tooth crowding that can be systematically applied in the context of dog domestication research. We then test the assumption that tooth crowding is less frequent in ancient and modern wild wolf populations by examining 750 modern dogs and 205 modern wolves from across the modern geographic range of Canis lupus as well as 66 Late Pleistocene wolves from Alaska.Our results demonstrate that landmark-based metrics provide a reliable approach for recording and analysing tooth crowding. Although it is likely that the relatively low frequency of tooth crowding found in our modern dog dataset (similar to 6%) in part reflects the 'modern' morphology of domestic breeds, the higher frequency of crowding in both modern (similar to 18%) and ancient (similar to 36%) wolves strongly suggests that current assumptions linking tooth crowding with the process of early domestication (at least in dogs) should be critically re-evaluated, and that further investigations into the drivers behind these developmental patterns should be pursued. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.