GENETICS AND DEMOGRAPHY IN BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
GENETICS AND DEMOGRAPHY IN BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
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DOI：
10.1126/science.3420403
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发表时间：
1988-09-16
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
LANDE, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
LANDE, R
预测单个种群或物种的灭绝需要生态和进化信息。影响人口动态的主要人口学因素包括社会结构、环境波动引起的生活史变异、在空间异质性环境中的分散以及局部灭绝和殖民化。在小种群中，近亲繁殖会大大降低个体的平均适应度，而随机遗传漂变导致的遗传变异的丧失会降低未来对不断变化的环境的适应性。理论和经验实例表明，在确定野生种群的最小可行规模方面，人口统计学通常比种群遗传学更为直接重要。生物保护的实际需要是了解灭绝中人口和遗传因素的相互作用，这可能为生态学和进化界面的基本进展提供一个重点。
Predicting the extinction of single populations or species requires ecological and evolutionary information. Primary demographic factors affecting population dynamics include social structure, life history variation caused by environmental fluctuation, dispersal in spatially heterogeneous environments, and local extinction and colonization. In small populations, inbreeding can greatly reduce the average individual fitness, and loss of genetic variability from random genetic drift can diminish future adaptability to a changing environment. Theory and empirical examples suggest that demography is usually of more immediate importance than population genetics in determining the minimum viable sizes of wild populations. The practical need in biological conservation for understanding the interaction of demographic and genetic factors in extinction may provide a focus for fundamental advances at the interface of ecology and evolution.