Dual- and Multi-Energy CT: Principles, Technical Approaches, and Clinical Applications.
Dual- and Multi-Energy CT: Principles, Technical Approaches, and Clinical Applications.
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DOI：
10.1148/radiol.2015142631
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发表时间：
2015-09
期刊：
影响因子：
19.7
通讯作者：
Fletcher JG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McCollough CH;Leng S;Yu L;Fletcher JG
在X射线计算机层析成像(CT)中，具有不同元素组成的材料可以由CT图像中相同的像素值(即CT数值)来表示，这取决于材料的质量密度。因此，不同组织类型和造影剂的分化和分类可能是极具挑战性的。在双能量CT(DECT)中，额外的衰减测量是通过第二个X射线谱(即第二个“能量”)获得的，从而允许区分多种材料。或者，这允许量化具有已知元素组成的混合物中的两到三种材料的质量密度。在使用能量分辨、光子计数探测器进行CT成像方面的最新进展表明，能够在多个能源箱中获取数据，这有望进一步提高材料特定成像的信噪比。在这项工作中，回顾了双能量或多能量CT的基本动机和物理原理，并描述了目前的每一种技术方法。此外，还介绍了当前和不断发展的临床应用。
In x-ray computed tomography (CT), materials having different elemental compositions can be represented by identical pixel values in a CT image (i.e. CT number values), depending on the materials’ mass density. Thus, the differentiation and classification of different tissue types and contrast agents can be extremely challenging. In dual-energy CT (DECT), an additional attenuation measurement is obtained with a second x-ray spectrum (i.e. a second “energy”), allowing the differentiation of multiple materials. Alternatively, this allows quantification of the mass density of two or three materials in a mixture with known elemental composition. Recent advances in the use of energy-resolving, photon-counting detectors for CT imaging suggest the ability to acquire data in multiple energy bins, which is expected to further improve the signal-to-noise ratio for material-specific imaging. In this work, the underlying motivation and physical principles of dual- or multi-energy CT are reviewed and each of the current technical approaches described. In addition, current and evolving clinical applications are introduced.