Regulation of endothelial cell differentiation and specification.
Regulation of endothelial cell differentiation and specification.
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DOI：
10.1161/circresaha.113.300506
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发表时间：
2013-04-26
影响因子：
20.1
通讯作者：
Hirschi KK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Marcelo KL;Goldie LC;Hirschi KK
循环系统是脊椎动物胚胎中发育的第一个器官系统，在整个妊娠过程中，循环系统对于将氧气和营养物质输送到生长组织以及从生长组织中清除代谢废物至关重要。内皮细胞构成了所有血管和淋巴管的管腔层，在一个被称为血管生成的过程中从中胚层从头开始。在血管生成过程中，最初形成的血管丛通过内皮细胞的增殖、迁移和发芽来重塑和提炼，以形成新的血管。壁细胞也被内皮细胞招募来形成周围的血管壁。在这一血管重塑过程中，原始内皮细胞被特化，以获得动脉、静脉和造血血型和功能。静脉内皮细胞的一个亚群也特化为淋巴管内皮细胞，在发育后期。所有内皮细胞亚型的特化需要外部信号和内在调节事件，这将在本综述中讨论。
The circulatory system is the first organ system to develop in the vertebrate embryo and is critical throughout gestation for the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to, as well as removal of metabolic waste products from, growing tissues. Endothelial cells, which constitute the luminal layer of all blood and lymphatic vessels, emerge de novo from the mesoderm in a process known as vasculogenesis. The vascular plexus that is initially formed is then remodeled and refined via proliferation, migration and sprouting of endothelial cells to form new vessels from pre-existing ones during angiogenesis. Mural cells are also recruited by endothelial cells to form the surrounding vessel wall. During this vascular remodeling process, primordial endothelial cells are specialized to acquire arterial, venous, and blood-forming hemogenic phenotypes and functions. A subset of venous endothelium is also specialized to become lymphatic endothelium later in development. The specialization of all endothelial cell subtypes requires extrinsic signals and intrinsic regulatory events, which will be discussed in this review.