Performance of the helium dewar and the cryocoolers of the Hitomi soft x-ray spectrometer
Performance of the helium dewar and the cryocoolers of the Hitomi soft x-ray spectrometer
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Hitomi 软 X 射线光谱仪的氦杜瓦瓶和制冷机的性能
DOI：
10.1117/1.jatis.4.1.011208
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hitomi collaboration incl. Kasuke Sato
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Farwig;Y. Giga and P.-Y. Hsu;Hitomi collaboration incl. Kasuke Sato
软X射线光谱仪(SXS)是日立(ASTRO-H)卫星上的一台低温高分辨率X射线光谱仪，通过使用绝热退磁冰箱(ADR)在50 MK下操作探测器阵列，在6 keV的能量下实现了5 eV的能量分辨率。从室温到ADR散热器的冷却链由两级斯特林制冷机、焦耳-汤姆逊制冷机和超流液氦组成，安装在杜瓦中。它的设计目标是在最少30亿升的情况下实现氦寿命超过3年。卫星于2016年2月17日发射，SXS在轨道上完美工作，直到3月26日卫星失去功能。结果表明，氦气罐的热负荷约为0.7 mW，可以满足使用寿命的要求。本文介绍了飞行杜瓦和低温冷却器的设计、地面性能试验结果、发射前运行、初始运行和在轨性能。
The soft x-ray spectrometer (SXS) was a cryogenic high-resolution x-ray spectrometer onboard the Hitomi (ASTRO-H) satellite that achieved energy resolution of 5 eV at 6 keV, by operating the detector array at 50 mK using an adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator (ADR). The cooling chain from room temperature to the ADR heat sink was composed of two-stage Stirling cryocoolers, aJoule–Thomson cryocooler, and superfluid liquid helium and was installed in a dewar. It was designed to achieve a helium lifetime of more than 3 years with a minimum of 30 L. The satellite was launched on February 17, 2016, and the SXS worked perfectly in orbit, until March 26 when the satellite lost its function. It was demonstrated that the heat load on the helium tank was about 0.7 mW, which would have satisfied the lifetime requirement. This paper describes the design, results of ground performance tests, prelaunch operations, and initial operation and performance in orbit of the flight dewar and the cryocoolers.