Perceived cost advantages and disadvantages of purchasing HIV self-testing kits among urban Tanzanian men: an inductive content analysis.
Perceived cost advantages and disadvantages of purchasing HIV self-testing kits among urban Tanzanian men: an inductive content analysis.
复制标题
DOI：
10.4172/2155-6113.1000725
复制
发表时间：
2017-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Maman, S. L. S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jennings, L.;Conserve, D. F.;Maman, S. L. S.
与女性相比，贫困男性的艾滋病毒咨询和检测率较低，且未知的艾滋病毒阳性状况较高。经济理论表明，如果预期收益大于预期成本，个人就会接受艾滋病毒检测。然而，很少有研究调查拒绝检测或不定期检测的贫困男性对艾滋病毒自我检测 (HIVST) 的经济偏好范围。我们进行了 23 次访谈，以定性评估在不经常或从未接受检测的坦桑尼亚男性中使用 HIVST 试剂盒所节省的成本和产生的成本。向所有男性展示了 HIVST 工具包和视频。然后，他们被问及与提供者主导的艾滋病毒检测相关的费用、经济利益、艾滋病毒检测的担忧以及支付艾滋病毒检测的意愿。使用归纳内容分析对数据进行转录、编码和分析。然后，我们将代码按感知到的成本优势和劣势进行分组，并列出了男性愿意为自检套件支付的价格范围。人们认为 HIVST 的成本优势是避免花钱在设施中进行检测、省略后续费用、相对于私人诊所的负担能力以及增加赚取收入和其他活动的时间。男性还讨论了获得免费公共艾滋病毒检测所带来的经济利益与交通、外出就餐和长时间排队所花费的资源之间的不平衡。人们认为 HIVST 的成本劣势包括高昂的试剂盒成本、需要事先节省购买试剂盒、与死亡相关的支出以及偏好由提供者进行的免费检测。男性还担心结果不准确造成的心理损失。男性对 HIVST 的支付意愿各不相同。男性决定进行艾滋病毒自检时会考虑预期的经济收益和损失。男性对 HIVST 的需求应考虑使用低费用或免费的 HIVST，同时强调通过减少旅行、临床费用或工作时间来节省潜在费用。还需要努力解决 HIVST 的预期情感成本，例如试剂盒错误带来的焦虑、购买“死亡”或单独检测，这对一些男性来说是一个巨大的障碍。
Impoverished men have lower rates of facility-based HIV counseling and testing and higher unknown HIV-positive status than women. Economic theory suggests that individuals will obtain an HIV test if anticipated benefits are greater than anticipated costs. Yet, few studies have investigated the range of financial preferences of HIV self-testing (HIVST) among poor men who decline testing or do not test regularly. Twenty-three interviews were conducted to qualitatively assess perceived costs saved and costs incurred from use of HIVST kits in infrequently- or never-tested Tanzanian men. All men were shown an HIVST kit and video. They were then asked about the costs associated with provider-led HIV testing, financial benefits and concerns of HIVST and willingness to pay for HIVST. Data were transcribed, coded and analyzed using inductive content analyses. We then grouped codes into perceived cost advantages and disadvantages and tabulated the range of prices men were willing to pay for a self-test kit. Perceived cost advantages of HIVST were avoidance of spending money to test in facilities, omission of follow-up fees, affordability relative to private clinics, and increased time for earning income and other activities. Men also discussed the imbalance of the financial benefit of accessing free, public HIV testing with the resources spent for transport, purchasing meals away from home and long wait lines. Perceived cost disadvantages of HIVST were prohibitive kit costs, required prior savings to purchase kits, expenditures relating to death and preferences for free provider-performed testing. Men were also concerned about the psychological costs of inaccurate results. HIVST willingness to pay varied among men. Men's decisions to self-test for HIV takes into account expected financial gains and losses. Demand generation for HIVST among men should consider use of low fees or free HIVST, while emphasizing potential savings from reduced travel, clinical costs, or time way from work. Efforts are also needed to address anticipated emotional costs of HIVST, such as anxiety from kit errors, purchasing "death" or testing alone, which for some men was a substantial barrier.